中国語由来漢語オノマトペの韓日両言語での 受容と定着

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the acceptance phase of ‘the onomatopia of Chinese origin’ in Korean & Japanese. The onomatopia of Chinese origin seems to be frequently used in literary style, but not in colloquial style. And an ambiguous boundary between the onomatopia of Chinese origin and general vocabulary makes it difficult to establish the certain difference between the onomatopia of Chinese origin and the rest. Therefore I collected the examples that are academically recognized as the onomatopia of Chinese origin for the convenience of the example collection in this report. Furthermore, I classified them into three categories : gemination words, repeated rhymes words, reduplication words. And I conducted an examination on how they were classified in both languages(Korean and Japanese), and how they are being used in the documents. The main findings are as in the following. First, Korean has more words that keep the original form of the onomatopia of Chinese origin compared to Japanese. However, there are only few examples, and most of them are received as the root of a word for the verbs or the adjectives in both languages. Second, when they are used as the root of a word for the verbs or the adjectives in Korean, there is only one case that they become the form of [-i], and in most cases, they are used as the root of words of [-hi, -hage, -hada]. In contrast, in Japanese, they are used in the adverb form [-to][-tosite] and the adjective form [-na]. Case they are used in [-suru] form is very unusual. Third, due to the property of tautophony, reduplication words were easily received as an onomatopoeia by both languages. On the other hand, the gemination words and repeated rhymes words were mostly received as general vocabulary. Fourth, I set the three standards for the indication of the onomatopeia of Chinese origin : the case of imitative words and mimetic words that have the imitative connotation, the case when they are used in original form in sentences, the case when the words are used in [-i] derivative form. Although there are more cases of imitative words and mimetic words having the imitative connotation in Japanese than in Korean, there is no precedent where they are used in the original form in the sentence.