『老乞大』4종 판본의 ‘得’, ‘的’ 考察
Study on ‘de(得)’ and ‘de(的)’ in the Four Editions of Laoqida(老乞大)
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Abstract
This paper makes the comprehensive examinations on the meanings and functions of ‘de(得)’ and ‘de(的)’ appeared in the four editions of 『Laoqida(老乞大)』. The result is as follows. Firstly, as main structural auxiliary, ‘de(得)’, was used as the constitution mark as potential complement and degree complement. Besides, like ‘le(了)’, ‘zhe(着)’, used as ‘aspect particle’ or ‘verb pattern’. This word was used as the meaning of ‘Get’ or ‘Reach’. Also this word was used as ‘auxiliary’ which mean ‘can’ or ‘must’. Describing ‘de(得)’ used as the above-stated pattern, in order of its frequency, it is as follows:[Structural auxiliary(123)> Verb(30)>Auxiliary(8)>Aspect Particle(3)] Secondly, ‘de(的)’ was used as ‘structural auxiliary’, ‘auxiliary word of mood’, ‘aspect auxiliary’ and ‘special mark’ were used. Most of this word was used as structural auxiliary. Also, this was ‘abdominal modifier mark’(560), and ‘omission mark' (588). In some case, this word was used ‘adverbial modifier mark’(73) or ‘potential complement constitution mark’(21) and ‘degree constitution mark’(47). In addition, this word was used as ‘auxiliary word of mood’ representing of ‘positive/ assumption/past pattern’, ‘aspect particle’ representing of completion and continuance, and as ‘special mark’ used behind ‘demonstrative pronouns’. Describing the frequency of ‘de(的)’ used as each pattern, it is as follows:[Structural Auxiliary(1289)>Speical Mark(45)>Aspect Particle(39)>Auxiliary Word of Mood(31)] Thirdly, ‘de(的)’ was also coined as special conjunction form indicating behind demonstrative pronouns, in the four editions of 『Laoqida(老乞大)』 This paper names ‘de(的)’ as ‘special mark’. According to the result, the two are classified: ‘demonstrative pronouns+de(的)’ represented (1) ‘person/ thing/ place’, and it represented (2) ‘adnominal phrase’. As the statement indicates, this paper makes the reviews on the meanings, functions, and uses of ‘de(得)’ and ‘de(的)’ appeared in the four editions of 『Laoqida(老乞大)』 But, the functions and parts of speech appearing behind demonstrative pronouns have yet to be researched and studied in academic areas. In this respect, this paper makes nothing but basic assumption. Accordingly, the profound reviews on it will be made later.
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