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‘환구시보’국제판(Global Times)에 나타난 AI 기술 담론 분석: 혁신전략의 차별화와 과학기술 강국으로의 도약

Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Technology Discourse in Global Times: Differentiation of innovation strategy and leap into a science and technology powerhouse

정다훈|송준모
중국연구소 (INSTITUTE OF CHINESE STUDIES, Hankuk University of Foreign St)|2022.03|중국연구 (Journal of Sinology and China Studies)|제90권 |pp. 207-235|DOI 10.18077/chss.2022.90..010

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키워드

기술혁신Technological innovationAI강대국구조적 토픽 모형(Structural Topic Model)첨단기술 패권AI powerhouseStructural topic modelAnd high-tech hegemony
주제분류중국어와문학

초록

본 논문은 2015년 중국이 AI강국으로의 도약을 선포한 이래로 거세지는 미국의 대중국 압력 속에서 어떠한 대외적 담론을 형성해오고 있는지를 찾아보기 위해 환구시보’(环球时报/Global Times)를 주요 분석대상으로 선정하였다. 본 연구에서는 환구시보의 기사에 나타난 중국의 AI관련 담론을 분석하기 위해 구조적 토픽모델(Structural Topic Model)를 활용하였다. 분석결과 중국은 2010년대 중반 이래로 AI기술에 대한 보도량을 대폭 늘려왔으며, 해당 보도는 다양한 첨단산업 제 분야들부터 국제협력에 이르기까지 다양한 내용을 포괄하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 구체적인 개별 기술에 대한 기사들의 전체 비중은 전반적으로 큰 차이가 없으나, 혁신과 관련된 토픽의 비중은 매우 높은 경향을 보여주었다. 혁신산업, 빅데이터, 투자와 같은 토픽은 시간이 흐름에 따라 지속적으로 토픽의 비중이 증가하고 있으나 중국 본토의 혁신적 기업이나 안면인식 기술과 같은 토픽은 일정 시점 이후로 토픽의 비중이 감소하는 양상을 보인다. 이는 외부에서 중국의 혁신이나 안면인식 기술을 위협으로 인지함에 따라, 위기감을 불식시키기 위한 전략으로 파악된다. 다른 한편으로 환구시보에서 중국과 직접 관련있다고 분류한 기사에서는 국제협력 및 본토의 혁신, 무역전쟁 토픽이 상대적으로 더 높은 비중으로 나타나며 증가세를 보여주었다. 결론적으로 중국은 자국의 기술력 및 첨단기술에 대한 이해도를 대외적으로 소개는 하되, 자국의 이미지를 첨단기술 패권국보다는 국제협력의 증진자로서 부드러운 얼굴을 가진 존재로 소개하는 방향을 추구한다고 할 수 있다.

Abstract

This paper selected Global Times as the main analysis target to find out what external discourse has been forming under mounting US pressure since China declared a leap forward as an AI powerhouse in 2015. In this study, 'Structural Topic Model' was used to analyze China's AI-related discourse in the article of the Global Times. As a result of the analysis, it was found that China has significantly increased the amount of reporting on AI technology since the mid-2010s, and the report covers a variety of contents ranging from various high-tech industrial sectors to international cooperation. The overall proportion of articles on specific individual technologies did not differ significantly, but the proportion of topics related to innovation tended to be very high. Topics such as innovative industries, big data, and investment continue to increase over time, but topics such as innovative companies and facial recognition technologies in mainland China show a decreasing proportion of topics after a certain point. This is understood as a strategy to dispel a sense of crisis as China's innovation or facial recognition technology is recognized as a threat from the outside. On the other hand, articles classified in the Global Times as directly related to China showed an increase, with a relatively higher proportion of international cooperation, mainland innovation, and trade war topics. In conclusion, China introduces its technology and understanding of high-tech technologies externally, but pursues to introduce its image as a soft-faced being as an promoter of international cooperation rather than a high-tech hegemony.

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