귀주(贵州) 방언의 친족어휘를 통해 바라본 한족 문화 고찰

Abstract

From a cultural-linguistic standpoint, this paper delves into the kinship appellations found in the contemporary Chinese dialect spoken in Guizhou, China. Within Guizhou province, which encompasses 17 distinct dialectical points, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on 12 frequently used kinship appellations. The kinship appellations in the Guizhou dialect exhibit the following characteristics: 1. The usage of kinship appellations in Guizhou reflects a rich historical legacy. 2. Most kinship appellations demonstrate precise distinctions. 3. A hierarchical structure is evident, with men considered superior to women, and importance being attributed based on age. Distinct treatment is given to relatives on the father’s side versus the mother’s side. 4. The morphemes comprising kinship appellations maintain consistency. 5. Within certain kinship appellations in the Guizhou dialect, the phenomenon of ‘Tong xing yi zhi (同形异指)’ manifests, wherein similar forms indicate distinct referents within the same dialect. 6. The kinship appellations in the Guizhou dialect exhibit connections with the historical administrative geography. 7. Some kinship appellations are unique to the Guizhou region, not extending beyond its borders.