일본어 정도부사 운용메커니즘 분석을 통한 교육적 활용방안 연구 - 한국어와의 대응관계를 중심으로 -

Abstract

A survey was conducted on the characteristics of Japanese adverbs and the corresponding Korean adverbs, and the following matters shall be referred to for guidance on adverbs. First, in terms of semantic feature, ‘あまり(amari[positive]),’ ‘とても(totemo)’, ‘なかなか(nakanaka[positive])’ determine only degree, whereas ‘かなり(kanari)’, ‘けっこう(kekkou)’, ‘ずいぶん(zuibun)’, ‘だいぶ(daibu)’ are adverbs that define quantitative degree. Second, qualitative adverbs occur simultaneously as the adjective and state verb. On the other hand, quantitative adverbs occur together not only with adjective but also state verb, action verb, and state noun. Third, in terms of hierarchical syntactic structure, ‘あまり,’ ‘とても’, ‘けっこう’ frequently appear in the sentence indicating the cause: ので(node), から(kara). ‘なかなか’, ‘かなり’, ‘ずいぶん’, ‘だいぶ’ commonly appear in the sentence which indicates the cause in reverse order:が(ga), けれど(keredo) In addition, the qualitative adverbs have both propositional characteristics and declarative characteristics, whereas quantitative adverbs show more declarative characteristics. Fourth, in the corresponding relationship with Korean, ‘あまり’ occured mainly with ‘너무(neomu)’ which appeared with a predicate of a negative meaning, and ‘とても’ formed a corresponding relationship with ‘무척(mucheog)’ and ‘매우(maeu)’, which are not related to positive and negative meanings. Additionally, ‘なかなか’ corresponds to ‘제법(jebeob)’, ‘かなり’ corresponds to ‘상당히(sangdanghi)’, and ‘けっこう’, ‘だいぶ’, ‘ずいぶん’ correspond to ‘꽤(kkawe)’ in common. The Korean adverb ‘꽤’ is an adverb that has the widest range of application, so that can modify an adjective and the determiner. Furthermore, Korean adverb ‘상당히(sangdanghi)’, ‘꽤(kkawe)’, ‘많이(mani) can modifiy both quantitative degree and qualitative degree, so when expressing it in Japanese, make sure to understand the semantic feature for preventing misuse.