동남아시아에 대한 유럽 식민주의의 동기와 영향
The Motives and Influences of European Colonialism on Southeast Asia
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Colonialism has historically influenced not only peoples in colonies, but also Europeans who ruled over the colonies. Natural resources and markets in the colonies provided important basis for the development of the European capitalism. Human resources and culture of the colonies contributed to the diversity of the European society and culture. However, the historical meaning of the colonialism is to be found above all in its influences on the colonies. The European colonialism, which, based on the so-called Eurocentric world view and equipped with the superior technology and military power, sought after economic profits and pursued the expansion of Christianity, has yielded deep and wide influences on Southeast Asia. It called forth the nationalism, created some new territorial and regional concepts and even cultural identities, and contributed to the formation of national boundaries. The colonialism also introduced Christianity which is today one of the most important sociocultural dynamics in the region. It, however, brought with many foreign Asian immigrants from India and China, forming the so-called plural societies, which lay the roots of the regional, ethnic, and religious conflicts in Southeast Asia. Finally, the European colonialism degenerated traditional commercial activities of the indigenous peoples, thus bringing with the economic poverty of the region. Burdened with this colonial legacy, Southeast Asian countries are even today mostly faced with the problems of economic underdevelopment and national integration.
Abstract
Colonialism has historically influenced not only peoples in colonies, but also Europeans who ruled over the colonies. Natural resources and markets in the colonies provided important basis for the development of the European capitalism. Human resources and culture of the colonies contributed to the diversity of the European society and culture. However, the historical meaning of the colonialism is to be found above all in its influences on the colonies. The European colonialism, which, based on the so-called Eurocentric world view and equipped with the superior technology and military power, sought after economic profits and pursued the expansion of Christianity, has yielded deep and wide influences on Southeast Asia. It called forth the nationalism, created some new territorial and regional concepts and even cultural identities, and contributed to the formation of national boundaries. The colonialism also introduced Christianity which is today one of the most important sociocultural dynamics in the region. It, however, brought with many foreign Asian immigrants from India and China, forming the so-called plural societies, which lay the roots of the regional, ethnic, and religious conflicts in Southeast Asia. Finally, the European colonialism degenerated traditional commercial activities of the indigenous peoples, thus bringing with the economic poverty of the region. Burdened with this colonial legacy, Southeast Asian countries are even today mostly faced with the problems of economic underdevelopment and national integration.
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