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한국의 동남아 ODA 활동에 있어서 태국과의 전략적 협력을 위한 법제비교

Comparison of the Legal Systems for Strategic Cooperation with Thailand in South Korea's ODA activities in Southeast Asia

김봉철|옹지인
동남아연구소 (Center for Southeast Asian Studies)|2019.01|동남아연구|제28권 제3호|pp. 35-70|DOI 10.21485/hufsea.2019.28.3.002

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Official Development Assistance (ODA)국제개발협력International Development Cooperation공적개발원조Korea-Thailand Cooperation동남아시아 원조한국-태국 협력한-ASEAN 자유무역협정Sourtheast Asian AssistanceKorea-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
주제분류학제간연구

초록

국제개발협력(International Development Cooperation)의 일부 분야인 공적개발원조(Official Development Assistance, ODA)란 국가나 정부가 개입하는 공식적 원조를 의미한다. ‘국제개발법’(International Development Law)은 (국제 또는 국내사회에서) 국제개발협력 활동을 규율하기 위하여 등장하였고, ODA 활동은 국제개발법의 중요한 규율대상이다. 한국은 ODA 분야에서 수혜국(Recipient)에서 공여국(Donor)으로 변화하였고, 국제사회의 논의에서 중요한 역할을 담당하게 되었다. 국내법인 국제개발협력기본법은 ODA의 기본이념과 목표를 설정하고 정부의 역할과 정책수립의 범위와 절차를 규정한다. 그러나 한국의 ODA 이념을 효과적으로 실현하려면 정책과 관련 규범들이 보완되어야 한다. 태국은 지리적으로 한국의 ODA 집중지역인 동남아시아에 자리하고 있으며, 한-ASEAN FTA의 당사국으로서 한국과 경제협력을 강화하고 있다. 태국은 ODA 수혜국에서 공여국으로 변화하는 과정에 있으며, 이웃국가들에게 다양한 ODA 활동을 진행하면서 정책과 법을 발전시키고 있다. 그러나 태국은 아직 국제사회에서 개발협력분야를 주도하는 수준에는 이르지 못하였고, 태국형 ODA를 발전시키기 위해서 더욱 노력해야 한다. 한국과 태국이 ODA 분야에서 협력하여 상승효과를 얻으려면, 양국의 ODA 활동과 구조를 비교하며 협력모델을 만들어야 한다. 구체적으로는 FTA를 통한 경제협력이 ODA 협력으로 연결되는 것을 생각할 수 있고, 축적된 경험과 각자의 특성을 반영한 국내규범을 발전시켜서 국제규범과 국내규범의 조화를 실현할 수도 있다. 이를 위해서 양국의 ODA 관련 법제협력도 필요하다.

Abstract

Official Development Assistance(ODA), a part of International Development Cooperation, means official financing administered by states or governments. International Development Law was formulated in order to regulate international development activities in international and/or domestic societies, and ODA activity is an important subject to regulation by the international development law. South Korea has transformed from being a recipient to a donor, and plays an important role on the debates in the international field. Framework Act on International Development Cooperation, a domestic legislation of South Korea, defines the idea and purpose of the Korean ODA and regulates the role of the government, and the scope and procedure of policy-making in the area. However, in order to effectively realize the idea of Korean ODA, policies and related rules and regulations should be complemented. Geographically, Thailand is located in Southeast Asia, where many Korean ODA works are targeting. Moreover, Thailand is enhancing the economic cooperation with South Korea as a party to the Korea-ASEAN FTA. Thailand is transforming from being a recipient to a donor in the ODA fields and developing its own policies and laws with the ODA activities to its neighboring countries. However, Thailand is yet to assume a leading role in development cooperation in the international society, and still needs efforts to make what could be a Thai ODA model. For South Korea and Thailand to gain synergy effect by cooperating in the field of ODA, a model for cooperation should be designed by comparing the ODA activities and structures of the countries. Specifically, economic cooperation through FTA may lead to cooperation in ODA, and both states may seek to realize harmonization of international and domestic rules by developing domestic rules that reflect accumulated experiences and characteristics of the parties.

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관련 논문AI추천

Advancement of the Law for the Cooperation Between Korea and Thailand in International Development Cooperation김호동남아연구소 · 동남아연구2019 · 제29권 제2호유럽과 한국의 ODA 규범비교- EU회원국의 ODA 기본법이 한국의 ODA 규범에 주는 시사점 -김봉철, 왕석동동유럽발칸연구소 · 동유럽발칸연구2013 · 제37권 The Law on the Korea-Thailand Cooperation after the COVID-19김호한국태국학회 · 한국태국학회논총2023 · 제30권 제1호한국의 메콩강 유역 국가에 대한 법제교류지원김봉철동남아연구소 · 동남아연구2016 · 제26권 제2호한국의 대 아세안(ASEAN) 공적개발원조(ODA)정책: ‘경제협력’과 ‘개발협력’의 이중주손혁상, 최정호한국동남아학회 · 동남아시아연구2008 · 제18권 제2호공적개발원조(ODA)의 지원형태와 참여유형: 베트남, 캄보디아, 라오스 중심 연구정미경한국비교경제학회 · 비교경제연구2012 · 제19권 제1호

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