종교개혁시대 여성들의 개혁정신과 실천적 지혜
Reforming Spirit and Practical Wisdom of Women in the Reformation
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현재 한국 기독교는 대형교회를 둘러싼 온갖 비리, 목회자들의 부도덕한 행위들, 배타적인 개교회중심주의, 기복적인 신앙 등으로 인하여 사회적 지탄을 받고 있다. 이런 시기에 기독교 여성들은 개혁정신을 되살려 교회개혁에 앞장서야 한다. 16세기 유럽에서 교권의 부패에 맞선 종교개혁의 중심에는 많은 여성들이 있었다. 이들은 여성혐오적인 비난과 위협에도 불구하고, 부패한 교권과 가부장적 헤게모니에 저항하면서 주체적으로 개혁정신을 형성하고 실천했다. 이들이 여성이라는 이유로 기독교 역사에서 자주 잊히고 소외되었지만, 이들의 지혜를 되살리고 기억함으로써 여성들의 개혁정신과 실천에 길잡이로 삼을 수 있다. 공식교육의 기회, 정치적, 종교적 권리가 제한된 상황에서 여성개혁자들은 개혁신념을 바탕으로 지배 권력의 불의와 부패, 여성에 대한 차별에 과감하게 저항했고, 주체적이고 창조적으로 새 길을 여는 지혜를 보여주었다. 또한 종교 갈등으로 인한 분열과 폭력의 시대에 관용과 생명존중의 정신으로 반대자들을 설득하고 화해를 이끌어 내고자 했으며, 고통 받는 이들과 더불어 살아가는 연민과 환대, 생존전략의 지혜를 보여주었다. 이들이 이러한 지혜를 깨달을 수 있었던 것은 신적 지혜에 대한 열망을 가지고 성서를 새롭게 해석하고, 자신이 깨달은 지혜를 다양한 소통의 방식으로 적극적으로 공유했기 때문이다. 또한 자신의 소명을 주체적으로 탐색하고, 종교의 공적 책임의식을 가지고 실천적 노력을 기울였기 때문이다. 기독교 공동체는 여성개혁자들의 축적된 지혜를 기억하고 되살림으로써 여성들이 당면한 교회와 사회의 개혁을 위해 개혁의지를 새롭게 하고 지혜롭게 실천해 나갈 수 있도록 교육하는 것이 필요하다.
Abstract
After the 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation, many Christians have said that Korean churches should revive the spirit of the Reformation and take the lead in reforming the church and society. Reforming spirit and practical wisdom are desperately needed as church credibility has declined due to moral corruption of mega churches, immoral practices by ministers, exclusiveness of churches, and faith for private blessings. Many women were at the center of the Reformation in Europe in the 16th century. Although they were threatened by misogynistic critics due to their gender and their belief in the Reformation, they practiced their religious conviction while resisting Catholic authority and patriarchal hegemony. These women are often forgotten and alienated from Christian history due to their gender, but these female reformers can still provide abundant wisdom to Korean Christian women in today's society. Despite limited opportunities in formal education and a lack of political, economic, and religious rights, the female reformers raised various issues of corrupt religious power and patriarchal tradition. Through the process, they demonstrated wisdom on resistance against unjust systems and power, and wisdom of making a new road by walking together. In the age of division and violence, they demonstrated how to understand the differences with tolerance and to lead reconciliation through persuasion. They also showed how to practice compassion, hospitality and survival strategy to those who suffered. The female reformers, with a strong desire for divine wisdom, reinterpreted the Bible and actively shared the wisdom they had obtained. In addition, they searched for their calling as a lay woman in the spirit of the Reformation, and practiced it on the public realm as well as on a personal level. It is essential for Korean Christian women to recognize their responsibilities in reforming the church and society, by remembering and teaching the accumulated wisdom of previous female reformers.
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