「非十二子」에 나타난 순자의 諸子 비판의식 고찰

Abstract

This paper aims to explore critical thought on “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子) of Xunzi portrayed in Fēishíèrzǐ(非十二子) based on critical perspective instead of figures. Xunzi’s criticism on his “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子) is presented in the entire Xunzi and his critique on theoretical features proposed by “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子) is introduced in Fēishíèrzǐ(非十二子), Tiānlún(天論), and Jiěbì(解蔽). In addition, his critical commentaries are observed in Zhènglún(正論), Dělún(禮論), Lèlún(樂論), and Zhèngmíng(正名). Dělún(禮論), and Lèlún(樂論) primarily discuss his criticism on Mo-tzu and Xìngě(性惡) mainly talks about criticism on Mencius’s discussion of human nature(性善說). Previous studies have focused on specific “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子)(figures) and examined them so far in terms of studying Xunzi’s critical thought on his “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子). Moreover, they have concentrated on Tiānlún(天論), Jiěbì(解蔽), Zhènglún(正論), Dělún(禮論), Lèlún(樂論), and Zhèngmíng(正名). They cited Fēishíèrzǐ(非十二子) only a couple of times. Therefore, this paper will put Fēishíèrzǐ(非十二子) as a basic text, which has gained little attention compared to his other critical texts on “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子) and investigate his critical thought. This paper attempts to examine his major critical perspectives(themes) on “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子) rather than figures in terms of examining his critical thought on “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子). To do so, his criticism on “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子) identified in Fēishíèrzǐ(非十二子) will be briefly observed and his critical thought won “the Hundred Schools of Thought”(諸子) will be analyzed based on two major perspectives: balancing perspective on human desire and realistic balancing perspective.