두 문화-문화과학과 자연과학 그리고 인간: 카시러와 부버의 논의를 중심으로

Abstract

This article aims to reveal differences between natural science and cultural science based on a phenomenology of perception and to suggest the logic and task of the cultural sciences. And we will analyze causes of the crisis of contemporary culture and a broken human relationship. In this context, Cassirer pointed out the differences between natural science and cultural science, that is, perception of things and perception of expression, subject-pole and ego-pole, thing-world and person-world, and absolute-other and alter-ego in terms of an analysis of the phenomenology of perception. Martin Buber pointed out the relations among people. His philosophy of “I and Thou” suggests an analysis on the existence of human Being. He distinguishes three types of “I and Thou.” The first is relation of “I and It,” that is, in this relation we deal with the Alter Ego as with a thing. Secondly in the relation of “I and You,” we deal with a human Being as with a person. Thirdly in the relation of “I and Thou,” we deal a human Being as with an Eternal Being or an Eternal You. In this discussion, Buber emphasizes meeting, dialogue, and relation among people. Buber’s philosophy of “I and Thou” is very important in the study of the cultural sciences.