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Abstract

Communication means that there is no misunderstanding through mutual understanding, and people gather in a public sphere to communicate. In ancient Greece, only selected citizens with freedom, speech, economic ability, and social status participated in public sphere and discussed public issues. Since the 18th century, with the advent of democracy, liberalism, and capitalism, the doors of public sphere have expanded. Anyone who could speak with an interest in a given topic participated in the public sphere. But the more opportunities there were, the more it became to communicate. Moreover, the spread of Neo-liberalism and the development of science and technology have led to no communication or violent communication. The purpose of this article is to think about what it takes to communicate freely. From the public sphere of ancient Greece to the bourgeois public sphere following the expansion of capitalism in the 18th century, and the development of the digital public sphere that emerged with the development of science and technology, I would like to examine the situation where there is no communication at the formal or content level and think about the conditions that make communication possible. I would also like to consider whether it is appropriate to understand imagination in Hannah Arendt's political thought as an alternative to enabling communication.