Analysis on Bilateral Relations between Brazil and the EU from the Soft Balancing Perspective
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Brazil’s traditional diplomatic strategy is “balancing the US position and bandwagoning the EU”. However, these realistic views, namely, balancing and bandwagoning, have not explained the strategic choice of Brazil. This paper discusses the evolution of the relationship between Brazil and the EU and attempts to redefine their bilateral relation. Three current situations and hypothetical developments are used as the main axis of the structure of the article: the economic alliance between Brazil and the EU, a multilateral strategic partnership between both parties and bilateral relations as both a partnership and a competition. The relations between both parties have shown a strategic alliance formed by the link of the issue, which excludes the cooperation on hard military issues and selects the alliance on soft issues. The concept with both balancing and bandwagoning is adopted to reach a diplomatic consensus that provides compromise without the loss of autonomy to construct the Brazil’s diplomatic strategy of “soft balancing”.
Abstract
Brazil’s traditional diplomatic strategy is “balancing the US position and bandwagoning the EU”. However, these realistic views, namely, balancing and bandwagoning, have not explained the strategic choice of Brazil. This paper discusses the evolution of the relationship between Brazil and the EU and attempts to redefine their bilateral relation. Three current situations and hypothetical developments are used as the main axis of the structure of the article: the economic alliance between Brazil and the EU, a multilateral strategic partnership between both parties and bilateral relations as both a partnership and a competition. The relations between both parties have shown a strategic alliance formed by the link of the issue, which excludes the cooperation on hard military issues and selects the alliance on soft issues. The concept with both balancing and bandwagoning is adopted to reach a diplomatic consensus that provides compromise without the loss of autonomy to construct the Brazil’s diplomatic strategy of “soft balancing”.
참고문헌 (25)
- Aggarwal, V. K., "European Union Trade Strategies: between Globalism and Regionalism", pp.207~240 (2004), Palgrave
- Bizzozero, Lincoln, "America Latina y el (des)orden global neoliberal. Hegemonia, contrahegemonia y perspectivas, comp.Jose Maria Gomez", pp.97~116 (2004), CLACSO
- "Brazil and the US–Not on Same Page" (2013)[URL]
- "EU Bilateral Trade and Trade with the World" (2013)[URL]
- European Commission, "Global Europe : Competing in the World", COM (2006) 567 final, ~ (2006)
- European Commission, "The EU's Free Trade Agreements – Where Are We?", Reference: MEMO, 282, pp.2013, ~
- European Commission, "A Secure Europe in a Better World: European Security Strategic", 1~15 (2013)
- Faust, Jörg, "European Union Trade Strategies: between Globalism and Regionalism", pp.41~63 (2004), Palgrave
- Brazil and the European Union: Between Balancing and Bandwagoning, "Gratius, Susanne", 1~21, pp.No. 2 (2012)
- Gros, Daniel, "Brazil and the EU in the Global Economy", CEPS Working Document, (371), pp.1~14 (2013)
- Hardacre, Alan, "The Rise and Fall of Interregionalism in EU External Relations" (2010), Republic of Letters Publishing
- Keohane R. O., "After Hegemony : Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy" (1984), Princeton University Press
- Keohane R. O., "Power and Interdependence" (1989), Harper Collins Publishers
- Malamud, Andres, "A Leader without Followers? The Growing Divergence between the Regional and Global Performance of Brazilian Foreign Policy", Latin American Politics and Society, 53(3), pp.1~23 (2011)
- Morgenthau, H. J., "Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace" (1978), Alfred A. Knope Inc.
- Renard, Thomas, "The EU and the Strategic Partnerships: Searching for a Strategic Meaning-How the EU is Looking for Strategic Guidance for Itself and for its Partnerships", Paper submitted at the EUSA Conference, pp.1~23 (2011)
- Roloff, Ralf, "Interregionalism and International Relations", pp.17~30 (2006), Routledge Publishing
- Rüland, Jürgen, "Interregionalism in International Relations", paper presented in the Conference Sponsored by the Foundation Volkswagen (2002), Arnold- Bergstraesser-Institute
- Santander, Sebastian, "The European Partnership with Mercosur : a Relationship Based on Strategic and Neo-liberal Principles", European Integration, 27(3), pp.285~306 (2005)
- New Powers for Global Change? Challenges for International Development Cooperation : The Case of Brazil, "Schläger, Catrina", FES, 1~12, pp.No. 3 (2007)
- Schneider, Andreas, "The EU-Mercosur Free Trade Agreement : The Implications for Trade in Agriculture", CEPS Policy Brief, (107), pp.1~4 (2006)
- Söderbaum, F., "The EU as a Global Actor and the Dynamics of Interregionalism : A Comparative Analysis", European Integration, 27(3), pp.365~380 (2005)
- Teló, Mario, "European Union and New Regionalism" (2007), Ashgate
- Walt, Stephen M., "The Origins of Alliances" (1987), Cornell University Press
- Waltz, Kenneth N., "Theory of International Politics" (1979), Addison-Wesley Publishing Company