피카레스크 양식의 관점에서 본 『출세한 농부』
Le paysan parvenu as a picaresque novel
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The picaresque novel was ingurated by La Vida de Lazarillo de Tormes (1554, anonymous), followed by Guzmán de Alfarache (Mateo Alemán, 1599-1604) and La Vida del Buscón (Francisco Quevedo, 1626). The word ‘picaresque’ derives from Spanish picaresco, which means “relating to a picaro”. Picaro, which also derives from Spanish, signifies rogue or rascal. Typically, the picaresque novel relates the adventure of a wandering rogue and his tumultuous experiences in autobiographical form. Then this genre had a considerable influence on the novels of neighboring countries like France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. In France, The Adventures of Gil Blas de Satillane(1715-1724-1735) by Lesage is appreciated as a remarkable masterpiece of the picaresque, and Le Paysan parvenu (1734-1735) by Marivaux is listed among the picaresque novels. Considering that Marivaux, ‘philosophe’ and ‘moraliste’, excelled in analyzing psychologically the attitudes and behaviors of high society, we were curious to know which elements make it consider to be picaresque. Here is some elements common to this genre: autobiographic form, roguish protagonist (anti-hero), his rascality, his frequent wanderings, etc. However, his story has been sown with examples, which were designed to learn valuable lessons and morals to the protagonist as well as the reader. And, with its own realism, this unfinished story makes his way through the modern novel.
Abstract
The picaresque novel was ingurated by La Vida de Lazarillo de Tormes (1554, anonymous), followed by Guzmán de Alfarache (Mateo Alemán, 1599-1604) and La Vida del Buscón (Francisco Quevedo, 1626). The word ‘picaresque’ derives from Spanish picaresco, which means “relating to a picaro”. Picaro, which also derives from Spanish, signifies rogue or rascal. Typically, the picaresque novel relates the adventure of a wandering rogue and his tumultuous experiences in autobiographical form. Then this genre had a considerable influence on the novels of neighboring countries like France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. In France, The Adventures of Gil Blas de Satillane(1715-1724-1735) by Lesage is appreciated as a remarkable masterpiece of the picaresque, and Le Paysan parvenu (1734-1735) by Marivaux is listed among the picaresque novels. Considering that Marivaux, ‘philosophe’ and ‘moraliste’, excelled in analyzing psychologically the attitudes and behaviors of high society, we were curious to know which elements make it consider to be picaresque. Here is some elements common to this genre: autobiographic form, roguish protagonist (anti-hero), his rascality, his frequent wanderings, etc. However, his story has been sown with examples, which were designed to learn valuable lessons and morals to the protagonist as well as the reader. And, with its own realism, this unfinished story makes his way through the modern novel.
참고문헌 (11)
- Lesage, Alain-René, "Histoire de Gil Blas de Santillane" (1977), Garnier-Flammarion
- Marivaux, Nicolas Carlet, "Le Paysan parvenu" (1965), Garnier-Flammarion
- Coulet, Henri, "Le Roman jusqu'à la Révolution" (2000), Armand Colin
- Eisenberg, Daniel, "Does the Picaresque Novel exist?", Kentucky Romance Quarterly, 26, pp.203~219 (1979)
- Garrido Ardila, "J. A., The Picaresque Novel in Western Literature:From the Sixteenth Century to the Neopicaresque" (2015), Cambridge University Press
- Majorino, Giancarlo, "The Picaresque: Tradition and Displacement" (1996), University of Minnesota Press
- May, Georges, "Le Dilemme du roman au XVIIIe siècle. Etudes sur les rapports du roman et de la critique (1715-1761)" (1963), Yale University - PUF
- Montégut, Émile, "Un Roman picaresque en Angleterre - the Romany Rye de George Borrow", Revue des Deux Mondes, 11(2), pp.109~143 (1857)
- Souiller, Didier, "Le roman picaresque" (1980), PUF
- Reed, Walter L., "An Exemplary History of the Novel - The Quixotic versus the Picaresque" (1981), The Chicago University Press
- Wicks, Ulrich, "The Nature of Picaresque Narrative: A Modal Approach", PMLA, 89(2), pp.240~249 (1974)