아프리카 대륙 내⋅외 이주 동향 -세네갈과 콩고민주공화국 귀환 이주 중심으로-
Migration Trends in and out of African Continent -Focusing on Return Migration to Senegal and Democratic Republic of Congo-
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In the 21st century, Africa remains the most unfortunate continent, unable to break away from poverty. However, many countries in Africa have been grown rapidly, showing the highest economic development growth. Also, as sub-Saharan countries gradually strengthen political stability, major multinational corporations actively invest in the region. The MAFE surveys (Migrations between Africa and Europe) reveal a downtrend in return migrations, notably among migrants from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). A large majority of returns are spontaneous, rather than driven or encouraged by the host countries. Only 16% of Senegalese migrants and 15% of Congolese reported returning home because of difficulties in Europe, including “problems with residence status”. Decisions to return home are strongly dependent on the prospects of reintegration in the home country. Moreover, the barriers to immigration set in place by European countries tend to lower migrants’ propensity to return home. In Europe, authorities often assume that African immigrants intend to settle permanently in the host country.
Abstract
In the 21st century, Africa remains the most unfortunate continent, unable to break away from poverty. However, many countries in Africa have been grown rapidly, showing the highest economic development growth. Also, as sub-Saharan countries gradually strengthen political stability, major multinational corporations actively invest in the region. The MAFE surveys (Migrations between Africa and Europe) reveal a downtrend in return migrations, notably among migrants from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). A large majority of returns are spontaneous, rather than driven or encouraged by the host countries. Only 16% of Senegalese migrants and 15% of Congolese reported returning home because of difficulties in Europe, including “problems with residence status”. Decisions to return home are strongly dependent on the prospects of reintegration in the home country. Moreover, the barriers to immigration set in place by European countries tend to lower migrants’ propensity to return home. In Europe, authorities often assume that African immigrants intend to settle permanently in the host country.
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