고대 도시의 해양적 성격(港口都市)에 대한체계적 검토－고대국가를 대상으로－

Abstract

Spatial elements have great significance in historical processes. Spatial location, especially the capital position used to playing very important role during the process of both country’s development and policies choice. Space where the great historical activities happened, always related to natural conditions. Land, sea, as well as the connected rivers, they all can be regarded as dynamic arena for great historical activity happens. East Asia geographically is located on the easternmost of Asia. It consists of China’s land, northern connected lands, Korean Peninsula, and Japanese archipelago. In this region, if considered Korean peninsula as an axis, there will be South Sea area and East Sea area in the east, and an inland Yellow Sea in west between Korea and China. Also East China Sea connects with the Tatars at this inportant place. Such is the so-called multinational-mediterranean-sea area. Since this region is formed by the sea-land countries, effectively implement policies are willed. Strengthen the sea-power and set up land-development plans, o fasted the construction of capital and urban cities are important. Port cities have several favourable conditions. They close to marine environment, which support them facilitated sea transport, and effectively defense system. There are many types of port cities are located in East Asia. they are inland-port cities, river-sea-port cities, and sea-port cities. River-port-cities are usually located just beside the big rivers at land. Sea-port-cities directly contact with land and sea, and the river-sea-cities always lie at the connection point of rivers and seas. Such kind of cities are land cities, playing the functions of sea ports. Most of these cities are located beside local rivers or along ferries. In Korean history, port cities always held geography and cultual favorable conditions, they always became the capital or major cities of different countries. many examples of representative, such as Pyongyang (Koguryo’s capital), Hansung (first capital of the Baekje), Kaesong (Goryeo’s capital), Donggyeng (Balhae’s capital), and also Hunchun city in china.