慈藏의 新羅歸國과 大國統 취임문제 고찰

Abstract

Jajang was called from his home country Silla and came back from Tang. After then, he was appointed as Daegugtong by Queen Seondeog to carry out the national Buddhism projects such as the arrangement of Samgha through śīla-vinaya and the construction of Hwangyongsa 9-floor wooden tower and Tongdosa Simā. Jajang’s returning was made through Sapo on March 16, 643. The reason why Silla asked Jajang to return to Silla was to overcome the national crises caused by misrule of Queen Seondeog through Jajang who was respected by Tang royal family. According to 「Jajangjeon(慈藏傳)」 written by Doseon, Jajang was appointed as Daegugtong right after returning from China and settled the foundation of national Buddhism with the help of Queen Seondeog. But, the power of Queen Seondeog was so weak at that time that many people have asked if it could be possible. By the way, Ilyeon said in his 「Jajang Jeongyul(慈藏定律)」 that Jajang became Daegugtong only after the miracle of amṛta(甘露, sweet dew) at the Buddhist convention of Hwangyeongsa. This record is noteworthy, for it is about the religious miracle that overwhelmed the opposite powers against Queen Seondeog. That is, Doseon and Ilyeon are different in recording the reason why Jajang was appointed as Daegugtong a special monk position. It requires our notice because it is related with the existence of opposite people against Queen Seondeog. This paper vindicates that Ilyeon’s record is more plausible based on the several precedent studies about the political situation at that time. The right understanding about Jajang’s inauguration as Daegugtong is very significant in understanding Jajang’s afterward conducts such as the arrangement of Samgha, development of national Buddhism and other accomplishments.