‘문화대혁명(文化大革命)’: 그 ‘질서’와 ‘메시지’에 관하여 — 1966~67년 ‘중공중앙(中共中央)’의 주요 문건에 대한 분석

Abstract

In recent studies, the “Cultural Revolution” has been interpreted within the “chaos(dongluan)” paradigm. Of course, this evaluation of “Cultural Revolution” would have to be said to be correct, but it would be difficult to define the time when hundreds of people died and extreme violence proceeded ruthlessly throughout society in terms other than “chaos”. However, it should be remembered that describing the “Cultural Revolution” only as “chaos” is also a fairly ideological perspective. In fact, it is not just the gaze of ‘official(guanfang)’ to describe the “Cultural Revolution” as “chaos”, but those who want to bring out some possibility in the “Cultural Revolution” also describe the essence of the “Cultural Revolution” as unlimited release of mass’s energy. This study points out the limitations of the perspective that defines the “Cultural Revolution” in terms of “chaos’” or “unlimited release of mass’s energy”, and rather focuses on the aspect of “orders” that the “Cultural Revolution” sought to build. This study analyzes the “notices(tongzhi)” sent by the Central Committee of the CCP between 1967 and 1967 to see what the Chinese Communist Party, who initiated the “Cultural Revolution” in the early days of the “Cultural Revolution”, originally planned the “Cultural Revolution”. Through this analysis, this study will argue that the nature of the “Cultural Revolution” cannot be defined only in terms of “chaos” or “disorder”, and by examining the form and meaning of “orders” originally intended I want to reveal the origin of the “Cultural Revolution” and the meanings it had.