상하이 中西書院과 ‘中西幷重’의 함의

Abstract

In China, the cultural exchange of Chinese-Western cultures was generally initiated by missionaries and so called ‘Western learning spreading to the East’ was also started with spreading of Western study by them. The missionaries of the Society of Jesus such as Matteo Ricci in the end of Ming Dynasty and Ferdinand Verbiest spread Western study, propagated Christianity, and accepted Chinese culture through education and media, further the Chinese culture was introduced to the West, and thus Chinese-Western culture exchanges began. However, Chinese-Western culture exchanges were cut off about 100 years because of prohibition of missionary work from the end of KangXi Dynasty, JiaQing Dynasty, Daoguang Dynasty through to before the Opium War. Then, after the Opium War, the missionaries who had come to China along with the Western Powers by the unequal treaty got to take the chance for missionary and educational operation, and so emerged the Church Academy. And, at the time China was in urgent need of new persons fluent in foreign languages and good at Western study and the missionaries and Church Academy became capable to meet those needs and extended their missionary work. In the view of development of Church Academy in China, Anglo-Chinese College should be one of typical Church Academy characterized Attaching Equal Importance to Western Study and Chinese Study which gave teaching of Western knowledge required the then in China and Chinese study as well that was the original study in China. This article is intended to survey how the ‘Equal importance between China and the West’ was actually run by Anglo-Chinese College and what it meant in culture. For this, first, we would like to take a look at emergence of Church Academy and its characteristics by period in details and, second, analyze the ‘Equal importance between China and the West’ in terms of features. Finally, we would like to discuss if the ‘Equal importance between China and the West’ was implemented effectively from the point of view of each Chinese study and Western study, to learn some aspects of coexistence of Chinese study and Western study in the period of movement of Western study to the East.