강화도 사립 합일학교의 근대교육사에서 위상

Abstract

Private Hap-il school of Ganghwa island began in 1900 as part of a missionary project. The founder was Cho won-si(George Heber Jones, 趙元時), a missionary, and believers Park Nueng-il and Kim Sang-im. Founding of Private Hap-il school led to the establishment of the Kei-myung School and Bo-chang School. And these schools became the base for developing the enlightenment movement in the Ganghwa area. For example, Lee Dong-hui, who resigned from Chief Officer of Ganghwa Guard(江華鎭衛隊), organized a Ganghwa Academic Council(江華學務會) for the implementation of compulsory education. Ganghwa Academic Council reorganized the educational institution of Ganghwa Island into a 56 branch of the Bo-chang school, and created 56 districts. As a result of these policies, Ganghwa Province has emerged as a cradle of national education. On the occasion of the enactment of the "Private School Order," the School's name changed to Private Hap-il school and at the same time, the school promoted the enhancement of education. According to the level of living, the residents were willing to pay 'compulsory education expenses'. United sports workshop with educational institutions of Hwang-hae province and Gyeong-gi province near Ganghwa island was an educational field to wake up the importance of martialism and modern education. United sports workshop with more than 10,000 people produced a 'Grand paysage'After the forced Annexation of 1910, the Private Hap-il school became a national educational institution in the colonial slavery education. At the time of the March First Independence Movement, the students of the Private Hap-il school had fulfilled their social responsibilities by leading the protests. At that time, the protesters recorded the largest number of people in the country, including about 20,000 people. This was a strong foundation for promoting the various national liberation movement while awakening the pride of the Ganghwa people at the same time. In the mid-1920s, due to financial poverty, Private Hap-il school faced a crisis of closure. Missionaries did not pay for the administration of the school and stayed away. On the other hand, local residents, students’ parents, and alumni associations have taken various measures to operate schools directly. For example, Choi Sang-hyun donated his entire fortune to recreate a new Hap-il school. The Hap-il school graduates were also supported by honorary teachers as well as the improvement of education and the expansion of educational facilities. Oh Young-seop, the brother-in-law of Choi Sang-hyun, became the new Hap-il school principal, and his enthusiasm was also great. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that the national education institute which represents Ganghwa Island is the Private Hap-il school. Hap-il school have been converted to public schools since liberation and have been maintained until now. In this way, Hap-il school is a historical product that is filled with enthusiasm for the modern education of the Ganghwa people. At the same time, we can watch the two sides of the colonial education policy and mission business. The reason why we should pay attention to this school is here. In other words, Hap-il school must be one of the key to understanding the modern education movement in Korea as well as modern education in Ganghwa area.