산전 황산마그네슘 노출이 자간전증 산모에서 태어난 극소 저체중 출생아의 주산기 예후에 미치는 영향
Influence of Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate Exposure on Perinatal Outcomes in VLBW Infants with Maternal Preeclampsia
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목적: 황산마그네슘은 자간증 산모의 치료와 예방제로 널리 쓰이고 있다. 또한 조기진통을 억제하는 일차선택약으로 쓰이며, 최근에는 신생아에서 신경계 손상을 줄이는 예방제로서 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔다. 저자들은 본 연구에서. 산전 황산마그네슘 노출이 자간전증을 진단받은 산모에서 출생한 1,500 g 미만 극소 저체중 출생아의 주산기 예후에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2005년 6월에서 2012년 6월까지 자간전증을 진단받은 산모에게서 출생하여 이대목동병원 신생아집중치료실에입원한 1,500 g 미만의 극소 저체중 출생아 81명을 대상으로 하여 의무기록을 후향적으로 검토하였다. 산전 황산마그네슘 투여는 출산 전까지 지속적으로 시행한 경우를 포함하였고, 산전 황산 마그네슘 노출여부에 따라 군을나누어 임상적 특성과 신생아 질환 발생, 사망률의 예후를 비교하였다. 결과: 산전 황산 마그네슘 노출군이 20명, 비노출군이 61명이었다. 황산마그네슘에 노출된 군에서 재태연령이 유의하게 낮았다(29.5±2.8주 vs. 31.6±2.3주(P=0.02)). 주산기 예후를 비교한 항목 중에서 의미있는 동맥관 개존이 재태연령보정 후에도 황산마그네슘 노출군에서 유의하게 높았다(P=0.02). 그 외 신생아 호흡 곤란 증후군, 인공호흡기사용기간, 괴사성 장염, 뇌실 내 출혈, 뇌실 주변 백질연화증의 발생률, 사망률은 두 군 간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 자간전증 산모에서 태어난 극소 저체중 출생아에서 산전 황산마그네슘 노출은 의미있는동맥관 개존 위험의 증가와 관련이 있다.
Abstract
Purpose: Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is a commonly used drug for eclampsia prophylaxis and the first choice tocolytic agent for preterm labor. Recently it has been reported to have a fetal neuroprotective effect. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of antenatal magnesium sulfate exposure on perinatal outcomes in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) with maternal preeclampsia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of VLBWIs (n=81) with maternal preeclampsia (June 2005 through June 2012), who had been admitted to the NICU at Ewha Womans University Mok Dong Hospital. Clinical characteristics and neonatal complications were analyzed according to the antenatal exposure to MgSO4. Antenatal MgSO4 exposure was the only medication that had been administered up to the period of delivery. Results: Among 81 neonates, 20 neonates were exposed to antenatal MgSO4. Mean gestational age was low in MgSO4 exposed group [29.5±2.8 vs. 31.6±2.3 weeks (P= 0.02)]. The incidence of significant patent ductus arteriosus (S-PDA) was higher in MgSO4 exposed group after adjustment by gestational age (P=0.02). There were no differences between the two groups with regard to rates of respiratory distress syndrome, use of ventilator, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia and mortality. Conclusion: Antenatal MgSO4 exposure was associated with a higher risk of significant PDA in VLBWIs with maternal preeclampsia.
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