노년기 여성의 빈곤과 주관적 건강 및 생활만족의 관계
Relationships of Poverty, Subjective Health and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Women
0
조회
0
다운로드
25
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
이 연구는 빈곤집단(평균 76세, SD=3.31)과 비교집단 노인여성(평균 73.20세, SD=2.51) 각 30명을 대상으로 일대일 면접을 실시하고 먼저 빈곤이 노년기 이전에 이미 시작되었는지 아니면 노년기 동안의 특정한 사건에 의해 빈곤해졌는지를 확인하였다. 또한 빈곤집단과 비교집단간에 주관적 건강과 생활만족에서 차이가 있는지 그리고 경제상태와 주관적 건강 및 생활만족간에는 어떤 관계가 있고 주관적 건강이 경제상태와 생활만족의 관계를 매개하는지를 규명하였다. 연구결과 노인여성들의 대부분은 이미 노년기 이전에 빈곤상태에 있었지만, 배우자와의 사별 후에 빈곤한 생활을 하게 된 사람들도 있었다. 빈곤집단 노인여성들은 비교집단 노인여성들보다 더 낮은 주관적 건강과 생활만족을 경험하고, 경제수준이 높은 노인여성들은 더 높은 주관적 건강과 생활만족을 경험하며, 높은 주관적 건강을 갖는 노인여성들은 더 큰 생활만족을 경험하였다. 회귀분석 결과 주관적 건강이 경제수준과 생활만족의 관계를 완전 매개하는 것으로 밝혀져 경제수준이 생활만족에 직접적으로 영향을 주기보다는 경제수준은 주관적 건강에 영향을 주고 주관적 건강이 생활만족에 영향을 준다는 것이 확인될 수 있었다.
Abstract
This study examined when and how the poverty of elderly women was impoverished with 30 poor elderly women through interview. Also whether there was a difference in subjective health and life satisfaction between poor elderly women(n=30) and comparative ones(n=30), whether economic status, subjective health and life satisfaction were related each other, and whether the relationship of economic status and life satisfaction was mediated by subjective health. Results revealed most of the poor women were already impoverished before old age and only one woman impoverished after bereavement of partner in seventies. Poor group had lower level of subjective health and life satisfaction than comparative group. Elderly women with higher economic status experienced higher subjective health and life satisfaction and ones with higher subjective health experienced higher life satisfaction than women with lower ones. Also The relationship between economic status and life satisfaction was mediated by subjective health.
참고문헌 (33)
- 구인회, "빈곤의 동태적 분석: 빈곤지속기간과 그 결정요인", 한국사회복지학, 57(2), pp.351~374 (2005), 한국사회복지학회
- 김교성, "빈곤의 측정과 규모에 관한 연구", 한국사회복지조사연구, 19, pp.297~320 (2008), 사회복지연구소
- 장휘숙, "성공적 노화에 이르는 길: 성공적 노화의 개념과 전략", 2007년 한국심리학회 대외심포지움: 고령화 시대를 성공적으로 살기- 고령화 사회의 심리학 (2007)
- 장휘숙, "한국 노인의 주관적 건강과 성격특성, 행복 및 죽음태도의 관계", 한국심리학회지: 발달, 22(2), pp.23~40 (2009), 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회
- Adler, N. E., "Socioeconomic status and health:The challenge of the gradient", American Psychologist, 49, pp.15~24 (1994)
- Baltes, P. B., "The Berlin Aging Study" (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Baron, R. M., "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, pp.1173~1182 (1986)
- Benzeval, M., "Income and health: The time dimension", Social Science and Medicine, 52, pp.1371~1390 (2001)
- Bowling, A., "What things are important in people's lives? A survey of the public's judgments to inform scales of health related quality of life", Social Science and Medicine, 41, pp.1447~1462 (1995)
- Brief, A. P., "Integrating bottom-up and top-down theories of subjective well-being: The case of health", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, pp.646~653 (1993)
- Choudhury, S., "Life-cycle aspects of poverty among older women", Social Security Bulletin, 60(2), pp.17~36 (1997)
- Diener, E., "The satisfaction with life scale", Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, pp.71~75 (1985)
- Eames, M., "Social deprivation and premature mortality: Regional comparison across England", British Medical Journal, 307, pp.1097~1102 (1993)
- Hansen, T., "Financial satisfaction in old age: A satisfaction paradox or a result of accumulated wealth", Social Indicators Research, 89, pp.323~347 (2008)
- Hsieh, C. M., "Correlates of financial satisfaction", International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 52, pp.135~153 (2001)
- Hsieh, C. M., "Income, age and financial satisfaction", International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 56, pp.89~112 (2003)
- House, J. S., "Age, socioeconimic status, and helath", Milbank Quarterly, 68, pp.383~411 (1990)
- Link, B. G., "Social causes as fundamental conditions of disease", Journal of Health and Social Behavior (Extra Issue), pp.80~94 (1995)
- Lynch, J. W., "Cumulative impact of sustained economic hardship on physical, cognitive, psychological and social functioning", New England Journal of Medicine, 337, pp.1889~1895 (1997)
- Mcdonough, P., "Histories of poverty and self-rated health trajectories", Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 44(2), pp.198~214 (2003)
- Mroczek, D. K., "The effect of age on positive and negative affect: A developmental perspective on happiness", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, pp.1333~1349 (1998)
- Olson, G. I., "The satisfied poor", Social Indicators Research, 28, pp.173~193 (1993)
- Phelan, E. S., "Older adults' views of successful aging-How do they compare with researchers' definitions?", Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 52, pp.211~216 (2002)
- Pinquart, M., "Correlates of subjective health in older adults: A meta-analysis", Psychological Aging, 16, pp.414~426 (2001)
- Towards a credible poverty framework: From income poverty to deprivation, "Saunders, P.", 1~20, pp.SPRC Discussion Paper No. 131 (2004)
- Schieman, S., "Status, role, and resource explanations for age patterns in psychological distress", Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 42, pp.80~96 (2001)
- Shaw, M., "Poverty, social exclusion, and minorities, in: Social Determinants of Health", pp.211~239 (1999), Oxford University Press
- Spicker, P., "Poverty and social security" (1993), Routledge
- Stoller, M. A., "Perceived income adequacy among elderly retirees", Journal of Applied Gerontology, 22, pp.230~251 (2003)
- Thorslund, M., "Health and inequalities among the oldest old", Journal of Aging and Health, 6, pp.51~69 (1994)
- Waehrer, K., "The impact of coresidence on economic well-being of elderly widows", Journal of Gerontology:Social Sciences, 50(4), pp.S250~S258 (1995)
- Wong, P. T. P., "Death attitude profile-revised: A multidimensional measure of attitudes toward death, in : Death Anxiety Handbook", pp.103~148 (1994), Taylor & Francis
- Zick, C. D., "Marital transitions, poverty, and gender differences in mortality", Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, pp.327~336 (1991)