예비유아교사를 위한 교직적성ㆍ인성 검사도구의 타당성 및 개선방안
Validation and modification of teaching aptitude test for pre-service early childhood teachers
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본 연구의 목적은 교육과학기술부에서 개발(김정환, 남현우, 염시창, 임진영, 2012)한 교직적성․인성 검사도구가 예비유아교사에게 타당한지를 검증하고 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구는 3, 4년제 예비유아교사 630명을 대상으로 교직적성․인성 검사를 실시하여 구인타당도 검증을 위한 요인분석과 상관계수를 구하였고, 신뢰도 검증을 위해서 Cronbach α를 산출하였다. 전문가의 내용타당도를 거쳐서 개선 방안을 제안하였다. 첫째, 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 13개 요인이 나타났는데, 요인계수 .30이하인 문항은 37개, 문항내용이 요인에 부적합한 문항은 28개로 나타났다. 요인 계수 .30이하인 37개 문항과 문항내용이 요인과 부적합한 28개 문항, 부적합한 문항으로만 구성된 3개 요인을 삭제하여 10개 요인 145개 문항으로 조정하는 것이 필요하였다. 둘째, 조정된 요인 및 문항에 대한 수렴타당도를검증하기 위해서 요인과 총점간의 상관을 구한 결과, 요인 1, 2, 3과 총점의 상관은 .85～.80로 적합하였고, 요인4～9와 총점의 상관은 .44～.63으로 어느 정도는 타당하였다. 그러나 요인10은 총점과의 상관이 .21로 타당하지 못하였다. 판별타당도 검증에서 조정된 요인 간의 상관은 .60 이하로 타당하였다. 조정된 요인들의 신뢰도를 분석한 결과, Cronbach α .93～.59이었고, 요인10과 문항126은 신뢰도를 낮추는 것으로 나타나 삭제가 필요하였다. 신뢰도를 낮추는 요인10과 문항126을 삭제한 후, 요인별 Cronbach α는 .92～.73이었고 전체 Cronbach α는 .96이었다. 이상 교직적성․인성 검사도구의 예비유아교사에 대한 타당도와 신뢰도 검증 및 조정 과정을 통해서 기존 14요인 210문항에서 9요인 140문항으로 수정을 제안하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the appropriateness of the 'teaching aptitudetest for pre-service teachers' of the Ministry of Education(Chung-Han et al., 2012) andto propose modification of the test. In this study, 630 pre-service early childhood teachersenrolled in three-year colleges or universities took the teaching aptitude test. Thereliability and validity of the test were verified through the factor analysis, and thecorrelation coefficient, Cronbach α. The directions for modification of the test wereproposed after the content validity of the test was checked by experts. The results ofthis study were as follows. First, the factor analysis for the construct validity showed13 factors. The coefficients of 37 questions were less than 0.30, and 28 questions wereinappropriate the factor. Therefore it was necessary to modify the test to include 10factors and 145 questions. The correlation between the adjusted factor 1, 2, 3 and thetotal score calculated to examine the convergent validity was .85～.80, and the correlationbetween the adjusted factor 4～9 and the total score was .44～.63. The correlationbetween the factor 10 and the total score, however, was .21. Therefore the factor 10turned out to be unappropriated. The correlation between the adjusted factors for thediscriminant validity was below 0.6, so they were considered to be valid. Second, thereliability coefficient of the adjusted factors were Cronbach α .93～.59. It was necessaryto delete the factor 10 and the question 126 because they appeared to lower the reliabilitycoefficient. After deleting them, the overall reliability coefficient was Cronbach α 0.96and each reliability coefficient of the factors was Cronbach α 0.92～0.73. Based on thefindings of the study, this study suggested to modify the teaching aptitude test whichoriginally contained 14 factors and 210 questions to include 9 factors and 145 questions.
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