일본의 시명(詩名) - 근․현대시를 중심으로 -

Abstract

Modern poetry was born along with the advent of new age, Meiji late in the 19th century in Japan. This paper focuses on 460 poems of over 250 representative poets that had been published from modern poetry to contemporary one by making 『Japanese Great Poetry Collection』 (Gakutousha, Sep. 2000) as a main reference book. When the titles of Japanese poems are divided according to the field, first, personal names, second, nature(phenomena), third, name of a place(name of a country), fourth, name of an animal(bird), fifth, name of a plant(tree) are mainly used in this order. Letters frequently used other than them are song, death, poetry, longing, love, time, and etc. In its marking, Chinese character has a great deal of weight, and there are lots of Chinese character + Hiragana combination. It is noticeable that Gatakana and Roman character have been used with a constant increase since the 1960s. According to their forms, the titles of poems that end with nouns or noun forms hold an overwhelmingly large majority. The ending form that ends with verbs appears in 20 places; past tense form in 16 places. We can see the titles of poems such as 「Death in battle」, 「I am a gunner」, 「Warship」, and etc. from those that had been composed right before and after the World Wars because they seem to be related to the current of the times. A survey through the mail was carried out for over 150 poets selected from 「The Directory of Poets」 in 『Contemporary Language Diary 2009』 (Sichousha, Dec. 2008) in April 2008.