일본 전후시(戰後詩)속의 생(生)과 사(死) ―‘1세대’ 시인들을 중심으로―

Abstract

The poets of first generation who wrote Japan’s postwar poems especially in poetry journal “Arechi” could not be free from the memory of the war with the stream of times. The poets as inevitable result of the war, gazing at or illuminating life and death clearly, have the historicity as fate of postwar poems. The death is represented as war’s dark past and the perception life is represented as will of new poetic start towards future life unconsciously. It is noteworthy that coexistence and contrast of life and death are not impartially described as simple injection of ideas and beliefs, but narrated by creative and various rhetorical devices. The poets’ particular interest in language have partially succeeded modernism poetry of early Showa period. But a big difference is that they deny the simple formalism and amusement. They aggressively pursuit the harmony of language and imagination as poem’s tool escaping from sense of historic debt. This can be a glimpse of non-historicity of postwar poetry. Specifically, Tamura Ryuichi, Gitaoka Dakayuki, and Yoshioka Minoru are initiatively conscious of the importance of expression of individual ‘language’ by searching the theme with using surrealistic rhetoric unlike the theme regarding the ideas and belief of life and death.