조선시대 충청도 馬梁鎭 연구

Abstract

Maryang­jin(馬梁鎭) was Sugun­cheomjeoljesajin(水軍僉節制使鎭) at Chungcheong­do(忠淸道) during Joseon Dynasty. The number of Manho­jin(萬戶鎭) of Maryan­gjin was origially two, which were abolished and reduced to one Seocheon­po(舒川浦) Manho­jin in 1457(Sejo 3rd year), because Gomanryangmanho­jin(高巒梁萬戶鎭) was close to Doanmucheochisa­young(都按撫處置使營), and Maryan­gjin became Sugun­cheomjeoljesa ­jin at Chungcheong-udo Sugundomanho­jin(水軍都萬戶鎭) along with the governmental reorganization in 1466. Later, the location of Maryang­jin was moved to Biyin­hyeon(庇仁縣) from Nampo­hyeon(藍浦縣) in 1655(Hyojong 6th year), which seemed to be a measure as the navy camp of Chungcheong­do was rearranged in preparation for the war against Qing(淸). In the process of such change, Maryang­jin was abolished as the provincial army·navy were abolished in 1895. 54 persons among 154 Maryang­cheomsa(馬梁僉使) were engaged over 24 months, however 45 persons were fired due to, ‘Popyeom(褒貶), corruption·misbehavior, mistake in tax vessel escort’. Maryang­jin armed forces were ‘1,302 Seon­gun(船軍) during Sejong period(世宗代), 1,120 Su­gun(水軍) during Seongjong period(成宗代), 744 Su­gun during Gojong period(高宗代)·82 Sinseongun·323 Jusa­gun(舟師軍)’. During Seongjong period, Jojol was installed separately to improve the custom of exploiting Su­gun for Joun(漕運), accordingly the number of Sugun decreased less than Sejong period, and the number of actual soldiers was only 323 Jusa­gun during Gojong period, since Sugun·Sinseon­gun(新選軍) were not in service. Because, during Gojong period, Jusa­gun were arranged also in Eub(邑), differently from Sejong·Seongjong period, and the same soldiers continued service instead of double shift. There were Nae-a(內衙)·Asa(衙舍)·Gwansa(官舍)·Gaeksa(客舍)·Jinmu-cheong(鎭撫廳)·Gungi­go(軍器庫)·Gungwan­cheog(軍官廳) at Maryang­jin Gonghae(公廨). However, since Maryang-jin was located in Biyin-hyeon in 1655, the castle was not constructed, seemed to be due to difficulty in securement of finance and manpower. The number of Maryang-jin warships were ‘19 during Sejong period, 21 during Seongjong, 6 during Youngjo(英祖)·Gojong’. In order to promptly repel the Japanes invasion, small warships were mainly utilized during Sejong period, and medium·small warships were mainly utilized during Seongjong. The number of warships during Youngjo·Gojong was 6, greatly reduced than Sejong·Seongjong, as the warships were arranged also in Eub in order to promptly deal with the invasion since Japanese invasions and the size of the vessels became bigger. Maryang-jin properties were Sugun-jeon(水軍錢) 1,488 nyang (兩)·Gyeoljeon(結錢) 804 nyang·Sinseon­jeon 160 nyang·Hwanmi(還米) 8 seok·Dunse(屯稅) about 7.167 seok(石), first of spending was the soldiers’ salary, and Cheomsa’s salary was the next. Maryang-jin was in charge of the ocean defense such as protecting the coast residents’ lives and properties as well as vessels by repelling the invasion of Japanese invaders·Hwangdangseon(荒唐船). Of course, if any mistake occurs in the process, Japanese invaders·Hwangdangseon were repelled by punishing the naval commander, promoting awareness. Maryang-jin monitored·investigated·reported drifting people(漂流民)·Yiyangseon(異樣船). Maryang-cheomsa reported Gamsa(監司)·Susa(水使) after investigating the drifting people·Yiyangseon after receiving the report of Yomang(瞭望)·Humang-gamjol(候望監卒), let the drifting people get off the ship and provided them with shelter and food, making Maryan-gin officer·Ajeon(衙前) keep watch on their shelter. Maryang-jin also escorted Jo-sun(漕船: tax ship). Maryang-cheomsa performed Hosong-jibanggwan or Hosong-chasawon(護送差使員), and reported Jo-sun sinking and the situation of saving the grains to Chungcheong-gamsa. Maryang­jin Hosong-gamsaek(護送監色) performed Jiro-hosong(指路護送) of Jo-sun, and if the Jo-sun sank, he was punished such as exile, etc. On the other hand, Maryang-jin defended Japanese invasion, since it was located in the far south of Chungcheong-do Suguncheomjeoljesa-jin.