正祖代 科擧制 운영의 정비
The Civil Examination(科擧制) in the reign of King Jeongjo(正祖)
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In the latter half period of the Joseon dynasty, it became a major issue to reform the civil examination system. Kings Yeongjo and Jeongjo both attempted such reform, but had different approaches. King Yeongjo attempted to implement a new institution, while Jeongjo pursued refining the operation of the institution instead of calling for a new one. In this article, the Civil Exam and the Seong’gyun-gwan exam are examined to determine the characteristics of the state examination operation during king Jeongjo’s reign. Jeongjo decreased the number of successful passers, and also the number of the exams being held. His ultimate objective was to select more talents with substantive capabilities. In the middle of King Jeongjo’s reign the civil exam and the Seong’gyun-gwan diverged, and the latter came to serve as a channel of securing talents more so than the former. This was because Seong’gyun-gwan was an educational facility and was able to more easily train the students, who were future applicants for the exams. Seong’gyun-gwan’s functions were enlarged as well. This new trend continued into the 19th century.
Abstract
In the latter half period of the Joseon dynasty, it became a major issue to reform the civil examination system. Kings Yeongjo and Jeongjo both attempted such reform, but had different approaches. King Yeongjo attempted to implement a new institution, while Jeongjo pursued refining the operation of the institution instead of calling for a new one. In this article, the Civil Exam and the Seong’gyun-gwan exam are examined to determine the characteristics of the state examination operation during king Jeongjo’s reign. Jeongjo decreased the number of successful passers, and also the number of the exams being held. His ultimate objective was to select more talents with substantive capabilities. In the middle of King Jeongjo’s reign the civil exam and the Seong’gyun-gwan diverged, and the latter came to serve as a channel of securing talents more so than the former. This was because Seong’gyun-gwan was an educational facility and was able to more easily train the students, who were future applicants for the exams. Seong’gyun-gwan’s functions were enlarged as well. This new trend continued into the 19th century.
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