조선후기 호구정책과 문중형성의 관계 - 제주도 대정현 하모리 사례 -

Abstract

The government strictly managed Jeju-do residents' duty for the nation according to their status (jikyeok: 職役) until the 1870s. Therefore, residents' class mobility-related various information can be obtained through Jeju island family register. In the 19th century, when the government imposed residents' duty for the nation according to their status, based on the strict standard, the status of ancestors impacted their descendants the most powerfully. The status ascent of descendants, belonging to the middle class of free citizens, to the upper class was extremely difficult. To the descendants of the lower class of free citizens and slave servants, the way to ascend to the upper class of free citizens was actually closed. In Jeju island in the 19th century, the same clan living the same village did not even think they were the same kind of people having the same ancestors. The reason is that household register disturbed their unity. The household register in reality had more power than the ancestral gods. The household register was a fearful subject itself to the Jeju island residents in the 19th century, because, the government collected almost all the taxes, based on the household register. In late 19th century, the tax amount imposed upon the Jeju residents was enormous enough to shake their life basis. In such a situation, those who can escape from the tax pressure to some degree, tend to have privileged sense. In this regard, residents' duty for the nation according to their status was more important than the fact of the same surname and the same family origin to the Jeju island residents.