프리모 레비와 한나 아렌트 — ‘회색지대’와 ‘악의 상투성’에 관하여
Primo Levi and Hannah Arendt: On the Grey Zone and the Banality of Evil
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본 논문은 프리모 레비(Primo Levi, 1919-1987)와 한나 아렌트(Hannah Arendt, 1906-1975)가 남긴 사상적 유산의 현재성을 회색지대(gray zone)와 악의 상투성(banality of evil)을 통해 규명하려는 시도다. 회색지대와 악의 상투성 자체가 두 사상가의 전모를 드러내는 것은 아니지만 두 개념에 대한 종합적 이해는 전체주의 비판을 넘어서 민주주의의 정치적 한계와 가능성에 대한 심층적인 연구로 나아갈 수 있는발판이 되리라 믿는다. 회색지대와 악의 상투성을 서로를 비추는 거울로 삼아 레비와 아렌트를 하나의 지면으로 불러들인 것은 그런 취지인데, 그로써 두 사상가의 비판적 발상이 어찌하여 우리가 발 디딘 현실에서 이탈하지 않는 공부의 더할 수 없는 지적 자극인가를 역설한다. 물론 그런 불러들임에는 회색지대와 악의 상투성이 논제로 제기되는구체적인 맥락을 세세하게 짚어보는 분석적 작업이 따른다. 하지만 본고의 핵심은 두 개념을 하나의 화두로 연마함으로써 오늘날 학문적 성찰의 자세와 의의를 새롭게 다지는 데 있다.
Abstract
This paper aims to elucidate the present meanings of the critical legacy for which Primo Levi and Hannah Arendt had ceaselessly fought; the gray zone and the banality of evil, the two compelling concepts serve as a kind of guiding posts in locating a common ground of the two thinkers. The rigorous review of these provoking ideas reminds us of the realities of the precarious democracy we daily face while directing our attention to various kinds of bad faith that results from the ruthlessly conforming totalitarian ideology. However, the concepts themselves do not represent the total trajectory of Levi and Arendt as demystifing thinkers; the synthesizing grasp of them could be a foothold towards the in — depth scrutiny of Levi and Arendt, to say nothing of deeper understanding of the Auschwitz. The project of summoning Levi and Arendt as a pair is intended to be a preliminary study. In short, reading their texts can be one of the best scholarly ways of keeping an eye on our democratic crisis amidst the languishment of the critical spirit markedly observed even in universities.
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