高校の日本語教科書における動詞の中止形 - 2009改定教育課程の『日本語Ⅰ』を対象に -

Abstract

This study examined and analyzed how suspension types of verbs, the affirmative form 「site」 in particular, which has various usages in meaning, appear in Japanese textbooks used in high school. The results are as follows. (1) The number of verbs used in the Japanese I textbook was 39 types (126 times used), and the most frequently used verb was 「akeru」(41 times used). However, the verb such as 「arau」(18 types), approximately 50% of a total, was used once. (2) According to the meaning, the verbs were used in the order of 「procedure」, 「reason」 「place」 「contrast」 「simultaneous process」 「parallel list」 and 「means」 「results of course」, but the adversative conjunctive verb was not present in any of the 7 types of Japanese textbooks. (3) Considering the introductory part of each chapter, it started to be introduced approximately in chapter 8, and to be covered in chapter 9 in earnest. However, only the 「D」 textbook revealed noticeably small coverage on that. The suspension type of verbs is an important expression not only in Japanese, but also in other languages. Therefore, it would be important to introduce it after learning 「masu」 and after acquiring the negation form of 「nai」 for the case of inversion, so that the textbook can trigger students to learn through natural language activities rather than focusing on it mostly in the later parts of the book chapters. Specifically, it would be more desirable to teach Japanese that is actually being used in school. That is, instead of teaching Japanese based on grammatical jargons, it would be more effective to teach based on real usage of words so that the learners can acquire the language more naturally. Moreover, the teaching method will be in line with the learning objectives of 2009 revised national curriculum which emphasizes verbal communication.