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과학기술정책의 과학화: R&D과제평가의 디지털전환 효과 분석

Can digital transformation slow down climate change?: Evidence from transferring to online conferences

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참고문헌

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주제분류행정학

초록

디지털전환(Digital transformation)이 정치・경제・사회 여러 분야에 극적인 변화를 초래하고 있다. 디지털전환은 업무를 디지털화하기 위해 새로운 기술을 도입하는 것을 넘어 업무 핵심 프로세스의 변화를 수반한다. 그러나, 디지털전환 노력에 따라 공공 가치가 어떻게 창출되는지를 설명하는 실증적 연구는 거의 없다. 이에 본 연구는 ‘과학기술정책의 과학화의 관점’에서 R&D과제평가의 디지털전환 효과를 실증데이터에 기반하여 탐색한다. 특히, 디지털전환이 궁극적으로 공공 가치 창출로 이어질 수 있다는 맥락과 최근 공공부문에서 ESG 경영과 디지털전환의 연계 관점에서 탄소배출 감소 효과를 실증 분석하였다. 이를 위해 평가・관리 전문기관인 공공기관 A의 2020년~2021년간 출장 데이터 총 18,534건을 활용하여, 디지털전환이 탄소배출 감소에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 분석의 결과 디지털 회의시스템 활용으로 인한 이동거리 감소가 탄소배출 절감에 유의미한 기여한 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 본 연구의 결과는 비대면 회의가 탄소배출 감소를 통한 기후변화 대응에 기여할 수 있다는 점을 확인한다.

Abstract

Digital transformation is accelerating, which brings about dramatic changes in various fields of politics, economy, and society beyond the change in the way of work. This study explores the digital transformation effect of R&D evaluation based on empirical data from the perspective of the Science of Science Policy. In other words, the CO2 emission reduction effect was empirically analyzed in the context that digital transformation can ultimately lead to public value creation and from the perspective of linking ESG management and digital transformation in the public sector. To this end, a total of 18,534 evaluation data from 2020 to 2021 of institution A was used. As a result, it was analyzed that the reduction in travel distance due to the use of the digital conference system contributed significantly to the reduction of CO2 emissions. In other words, the results of this study confirm that non-face-to-face meetings can contribute to climate change response by reducing carbon emissions.

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