초기청소년기 가정 내 학대피해와 가정 외 폭력피해 및 자살시도: 다중폭력피해 관점의 적용
Intra-and extra-familial violence victimization, and suicide attempts among early adolescents: A poly-victimization perspective
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본 연구의 목적은 가정 내 학대피해에 노출된 초기청소년의 가정 외 폭력피해와 자살시도에 미치는 영향력을 검증하여 아동 및 청소년 대상 폭력의 예방을 위한 개입의 단초를 제공하는데 있다. 이를 위해 한국청소년정책연구원에서 2013년 진행한 ‘청소년 문제행동 저연령화 실태 및 정책과제연구’에서 수집된 횡단데이터를 활용하여 총 6,308명을 최종 분석 자료로 활용하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 잠재계층분석 결과 가정 내 학대피해는 위험 수준에 따라 고위험, 저위험의 2개 집단으로 구분되며, 이 중 고위험집단은 전체 연구대상자의 13.2%로 분석되었다. 둘째, 가정 내 학대피해 고위험집단일수록 가정 외 폭력피해에 포함되는 모든 유형에의 위험비가 유의미하게 높은 가운데 특히 이웃에 의한 신체 및 정서폭력 위험비가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 고위험집단일수록 피해의 중첩을 의미하는 누적 피해 위험도 유의미하게 높은 것으로 검증되었다. 셋째, 연구모형 검증 결과, 가정 내 학대피해 고위험집단일수록 가정 외 폭력피해 위험 승산비가 2.8배 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 넷째, 가정 내 학대피해 고위험집단일수록 가정 외 폭력피해 및 자살시도 위험비도 2.1배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 한 체계 내에서의 폭력 피해가 다른 체계에서의 폭력 피해의 위험요인이 된다는 다중폭력피해(poly-victimization) 관점을 지지하는 결과이다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 아동학대를 위시한 아동 및 청소년 대상 폭력 예방, 그리고 이로 인한 자살시도 위험을 감소시키기 위한 정책적 방안을 제안하였다.
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the early adolescents’ risk of extra-familial violence victimization (EFVV) with a focus on those subjects with a high risk group of experiencing intra-familial violence victimization (IFVV). Cross-sectional data from 6,321 adolescents were obtained by the National Youth Policy Institute in 2013. Frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, latent class analysis, and logistic regression were conducted utilizing Mplus 6.0, and Stata 13.0. The findings of this study are as follows. First, two mutually exclusive IFVV profiles (latent classes) were identified, and 13.2% of participants were characterized as having a high likelihood of IFVV. Second, IFVV was more vulnerable to be exposed to the number as well as type of victimization. Third, IFVV was associated with a greater risk of EFVV and suicide attempts as well. Based on these results, the political implications for mitigating risk of violence towards early adolescents and suicide were discussed.
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