요오드 아세트산으로 유도된 성묘 망막변성 모델에서의 망막전위도 변화
Electroretinography Changes in Feline Model of Iodoacetic Acid-induced Retinal Degeneration
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목적: 요오드 아세트산(Iodoacetic acid, IAA)을 이용하여 성묘 망막변성을 일으키고, 기능적, 조직학적 광수용체 변성을 확인한다. 대상과 방법: 2014년 1월부터 10월까지 2세 이상의 성묘 11마리(22안)를 대상으로 하였다(대조군 2마리, 실험군 9마리). 평균 체중은 대조군, 실험군에서 각각 1.75 ± 0.35, 1.61 ± 0.19 kg, 성별은 수컷:암컷이 1:1, 2:7이었다. 주사(IAA 20 mg/kg) 전후 1주 간격으로 4회 망막전위도(electroretinogram, ERG)를 시행하였다. 파라핀 절편 제작 후 hematoxylin-eosin (HE), immunohistochemistry (IHC) 염색을 하고, 외과립층, 원추세포, 막대세포를 관찰하였다. 결과: 실험군에서 ERG 검사상 암반응과 명반응의 b wave 평균 진폭이 주사 전에 비해 주사 후 1주부터 4주까지 모두 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.01). 외과립층 세포핵의 개수는 실험군에서 유의하게 줄었고(p<0.01), 단위 길이당 염색된 막대세포층의 면적도 실험군에서 유의하게 감소했다(p<0.01). 그렇지만 원추세포의 개수는 유의한 감소가 없었다(p=0.075). 결론: IAA 20 mg/kg를 투여한 성묘는 기능적으로 ERG의 b wave 진폭의 감소, 조직학적으로 외과립층과 막대세포의 감소를 보였다. IAA 유발 성묘 모델은 광수용체변성의 모델로 추후 관련 연구에 사용될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Purpose: We explored changes in photoreceptor function and histology in an iodoacetic acid (IAA)-induced model of feline retinal degeneration. Methods: From January to October 2014, we studied 11 adult felines (22 eyes) over 2 years of age divided into two groups (two in a control and nine in an IAA group). The mean body weights of these two groups were 1.75 ± 0.35 and 1.61 ± 0.19 kg, and the male:female sex ratios 1:1 and 2:7, respectively. Electroretinograms (ERGs) were obtained before injection and at 1-4 week post-injection (20 mg/kg IAA). Standard paraffin retinal sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and other sections subjected to immunohistochemistry. We histologically evaluated the outer nuclear layer, and photoreceptor cone and rod cells. Results: In ERGs of the IAA group, both the rod and cone mean b wave amplitudes decreased significantly from week 1 to week 4 after injection (27.43, 29.41, 64.17, and 56.03; and 61.04, 51.25, 131.36, and 136.68 μV, respectively) compared to baseline (322.48 and 610.00 μV respectively) (p < 0.01). Optical microscopy revealed a significant decrease in the cell count of the outer nuclear retinal layer (16.83 ± 0.89 in the control and 11.98 ± 3.55 in the IAA groups, p < 0.01). Fluorescence microscopy revealed a significant reduction in the mean area per unit length of the rod cell layer (35,225.67 ± 2,477.02 and 14,903.62 ± 2,319.65 in the control and IAA groups, p < 0.01), but not in the cone cell count (26.16 ± 1.34 and 23.98 ± 6.16 in the control and IAA groups, p = 0.075). Conclusions: ERGs revealed that functional b wave amplitudes fell after IAA-induce retinal degeneration in felines; histology showed that this was accompanied by reductions in the numbers of outer nuclear layers and rod cells. IAA induces photoreceptor degeneration in felines; further study is necessary.
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