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전층 각막이식술 후 장기간 경과 시 각막내피세포 생존에 영향을 주는 요인 분석

Analysis of Factors Affecting Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss after Penetrating Keratoplasty

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목적: 전층 각막 이식술 시행 이후 장기간 경과 관찰 시 각막내피세포 소실에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대해서 평가하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 76안에서 공여자의 연령, 적출에서 보존 및 이식까지의 시간, 수여자의 기저 질환, 술 후 안압 상승과 술 전 녹내장 유무,각막편의 크기 등의 요인들을 분석하였다. 1, 3, 6, 12개월 후 내피세포 밀도를 측정하였다. 결과: 전체 환자에서 공여자의 연령이 많을수록 내피 세포의 감소율은 유의하게 높았으나 t-value=1.98), 적출에서 보존 및 이식까지의시간은 유의한 영향을 끼치지 않았다(t^2<2). 수포성 각막병증 환자군은 원추각막 환자군에 비해 내피세포수의 감소율이 높았으나 유의하지는 않았다(p-value=0.154). 안압약 투여 개수가 많을수록 감소율이 높았고(t-value=1.975) 기존 녹내장의 유무는 유의한 영향을 끼치지 못하였다. 수포성 각막병증 환자에서 공여편의 크기는 내피세포의 감소율과 음의 상관관계를 보였다(t-value=-2.859). 결론: 많은 공여자의 연령, 수포성 각막병증에서 작은 공여편의 크기, 술 후의 안압 상승은 전층 각막 이식술 시행 이후 내피세포의감소율을 증가시키는 요인이다.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the factors affecting corneal endothelial cell loss after penetrating keratoplasty in a long-term follow-up. Methods: Donor age, post-mortem time, storage time, underlying disease, elevation of IOP after surgery, underlying glaucoma,and trephine size were analyzed in 76 eyes. Postoperative corneal endothelial density was measured after 1, 3, 6,and 12 months. Patients who experienced graft rejection were excluded. Results: Donor age and endothelial loss were correlated in all patients (t-value = 1.98); however, post-mortem time and storage time were not statistically significant (t^2 < 2). Endothelial cell loss was more severe in the bullous keratopathy patient group than it was in the keratoconus patient group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p-value =0.154). The number of anti-glaucomatous eye drops showed positive correlation with the declining rate of endothelial cells (t-value = 1.975). Existence of glaucoma diagnosed before surgery did not statistically influence endothelial cell loss. Additionally, in the bullous keratopathy patient group, an inverse correlation between endothelial cell loss and trephine diameter was observed (t-value = -2.859). Conclusions: Old donor age, small trephine size in bullous keratopathy, and post-operative IOP elevation are risk factors for increased endothelial cell loss following penetrating keratoplasty.

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