입원치료를 시행한 세균각막염에 대한 12년간의 분석: 원인균주와 항생제내성
Analysis of Inpatients with Bacterial Keratitis Over a 12-Year Period: Pathogenic Organisms and Antibiotic Resistance
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목적: 입원치료를 시행한 세균각막염의 원인균주와 항생제내성의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 1998년 1월부터 2009년 12월까지 영남대학교병원에서 세균각막염으로 입원치료를 한 988명 중 미생물검사상 세균이 동정된 366명 392균주를 대상으로 전․후반기 각 6년으로 나누어 원인균주와 항생제감수성을 분석하였다. 결과: 세균의 배양양성률은 37.0% (366/988)이고, 가장 흔한 그람양성균은 S. epidermidis (98예; 25.0%), 그람음성균은 P. aeruginosa (41예; 10.5%)였다. 그람양․음성균의 비(전체 1.24:1)는 전반기 66.1%:33.9%에서 후반기 45.3%:54.7%로 유의하게 그람양성균은 감소하였고 그람음성균은 증가하였다. 후반기에 유의하게 S. epidermidis와 S. aureus는 감소하였고, E. cloacae와 S. marcescens, S. maltophilia는 증가하였다. 전체 그람양성균에 대한 퀴놀론계 항생제 저항성은 전반기 21.5%에서 후반기 34.1%로 증가하였고(p=0.061), MRSA의 비율은 전반기 30.0%에서 후반기 54.2%로 증가하였다(p=0.055). 결론: S. epidermidis와 P. aeruginosa가 연구 기간 중 가장 흔한 그람양․음성균주였다. 후반기에 그람양성균은 감소하고 그람음성균은 증가하는 경향과 그에 따른 항생제내성의 변화를 고려한 항생제 선택이 필요하다.
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the distribution of bacterial keratitis isolates and the shifting trends of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates for inpatients with bacterial keratitis. Methods: Three hundred ninety-two bacterial isolates with 366 positive culture cases from consecutive corneal scrapes of 988 clinically diagnosed bacterial keratitis inpatients hospitalized at Yeungnam University Hospital between January 1998 and December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. The bacteriological profiles and in vitro resistance were evaluated in the first and second six-year periods. Results: The percentage of positive cultures was 37.0% (366/988). The commonly isolated Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms were S. epidermidis (98; 25.0%) and P. aeruginosa (41; 10.5%), respectively. The ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative isolates was 1.24:1. The Gram-positive isolates significantly decreased compared to the Gram-negative isolates in the last six-year period (45.3% versus 54.7%, respectively) relative to those in the first six-year period (66.1% versus 33.9%, respectively). S. epidermidis and S. aureus decreased, and E. cloacae, S. marcescens, and S. maltophilia increased in the last six-year period. The resistance of fluoroquinolone to the Gram-positive isolates, though not statistically significant, tended to increase to 34.1% from 21.5% (p=0.061), and the methicillin-resistant S. aureus tended to increase to 54.2% from 30.0% (p=0.055). Conclusions: S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa were the most common bacterial keratitis isolates in Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates. The Gram-positive isolates tended to decrease, though the Gram-negative organisms tended to increase in the last six-year period compared to the first six-year period. Empirical antibiotic selection should be based on local susceptibility patterns and distribution of bacterial isolates.
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