망막분지정맥폐쇄 황반부종에서 세 가지 유리체강 내 약물주입술의 단기 효과 비교
A Comparison of Three Intravitreal Modalities of Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Macular Edema
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목적: 분지망막정맥폐쇄에 합병된 황반부종에서 유리체강 내 베바시주맙, 덱사메타손 삽입물 그리고 항혈관내피세포성장인자와 트리암시놀론 혼합 주입술의 단기 효과를 비교 분석하였다. 대상과 방법: 분지망막정맥폐쇄에 합병된 황반부종으로 진단받고 유리체강 내 베바시주맙(9안, 1군) 또는 덱사메타손 삽입물(12안, 2 군) 또는 베바시주맙과 트리암시놀론 혼합(9안, 3군) 주입술을 시행한 환자들의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 주입 전과 주입 후 1개월, 3개월째 시력검사, 빛간섭단층촬영, 세극등현미경검사를 시행하였으며 각 군 사이에 치료 효과와 합병증을 비교하였다. 결과: 1에서 3군 모두 주사 후 1개월째 황반두께(μm)는 각각 326.32 ± 149.32, 311.50 ± 58.54, 282 ± 28.21, 3개월째 황반두께는 각각 407 ± 160, 348 ± 108, 289 ± 66으로 주사 전과 비교 시 모두 유의하게 감소하였으나 각 군 사이의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 최대교정시력(logMAR)은 주사 후 1개월째 각각 0.45 ± 0.34, 0.37 ± 0.28, 0.30 ± 0.27로, 주사 후 3개월째 각각 0.43 ± 0.29, 0.35 ± 0.29, 0.24 ± 0.27로 주사 전과 비교 시 세 군 모두 유의하게 시력 개선을 보였으나 군 사이의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 사후분석에서 시력 호전율은 세 군 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 황반두께 감소 정도는 주사 후 1개월째 2군과 3군이 1군에 비해 유의하게 높았으며 주사 후 3개월째에는 1군에 비해 3군만이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.017). 결론: 분지망막정맥폐쇄에 합병된 황반부종의 치료로써 유리체강 내 베바시주맙, 덱사메타손 삽입물, 베바시주맙과 트리암시놀론 혼합 주입술은 모두 시력 호전과 황반부종 감소를 보였다. 스테로이드 제제는 더 높은 황반부종 감소율을 보였으며, 베바시주맙과 트리암시놀론을 혼합 주입하는 경우 베바시주맙의 짧은 반감기를 보완, 스테로이드의 부작용을 줄일 수 있었다. 황반부종이 심한 환자에게 있어 덱사메타손 삽입물과 트리암시놀론 베바시주맙 혼압주입술이 고려될 수 있겠다.
Abstract
Purpose: Short-term results regarding the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab, dexamethasone implants, and triamcinolonebevacizumab in macular edema (ME) secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) were compared. Methods: This study included 30 eyes of with BRVO and ME. Patients received the following treatments: 1.25 mg of bevacizumab (group 1, n = 9), 0.7 mg of dexamethasone as an implant (group 2, n = 12), or a combination of 2 mg of triamcinolone acetonide and 1.25 mg of bevacizumab (group 3, n = 9). Measurements of visual acuity and central macular thickness (CMT) with optical coherence tomography were performed at baseline, and at 1 and 3 months injection. Results: Compared to baseline, the CMT was significantly decreased in all groups by 326.32 ± 149.32, 311.50 ± 58.54, and 282 ± 28.21, respectively, at 1 month and 407 ± 160, 348 ± 108, and 289 ± 66, respectively, at 3 months, but there was no significant difference within each group. Compared to baseline, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was significantly increased in all groups at 1 month and 3 months. Using post hoc analysis, there was no significant difference in the degrees of BCVA gain, but in degrees of CMT reduction, groups 2 and 3 were significantly higher than group 1 at 1 month and only group 3 was significantly higher than group 1 at 3 months (p < 0.017). Conclusions: The intravitreal injection of bevacizumab, a dexamethasone implant, or a combination of triamcinolone-bevacizumab could be effectively used in the treatment of ME due to BRVO. For ME, steroid treatment showed a greater reduction percentage, and in the case of the triamcinolone-bevacizumab combination, we could cover the short half-life of bevacizumab and the complications of steroid use. In severe cases of ME, an intravitreal dexamethasone implant or a combination of triamcinolone and bevacizumab can be considered as the first-line therapy.
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