1-Deoxynojirimycin Content and Blood Glucose-Lowering Effect of Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Extract Powder
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We investigated the 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) content of extracts from silkworm larvae ateach developmental stage within three silkworm varieties. We also compared the contentof the following polyhydroxylated alkaloids in the silkworm extracts: 1-DNJ, fagomine, and1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol (DAB). In addition, we evaluated the glucose-loweringeffects of silkworm extract powder in db/db mice. The 1-DNJ content was the highest inYeonnokjam 5th instar 3rd d larvae and Hansaengjam 5th instar 3rd d larvae, which contained18.4 mg/100 g dry weight and 18.3 mg/100 g dry weight, respectively. The 5th instar 3rdd larvae exhibited a higher content of 1-DNJ than that of 5th instar 5th d larvae among allvarieties. The glucose-lowering effects of silkworm extracts and Yeonnokjam powder weretested on db/db mice, and the blood glucose levels were found to decrease significantly inthe YR70 group. Silkworm extracts (180 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg, 45 mg/kg, and 22.5 mg/kg) andacarbose (50 mg/kg) were administered orally for 4 wk. Changes in water intake were notstatistically significant between control and silkworm extract-treated groups. Compared to thecontrol group, blood glucose levels in the silkworm extract powder-treated group decreasedin the 22.5 mg/kg/d group after being administered for 4 wk. This decrease was statisticallysignificant. Furthermore, biochemical changes in the AST(Aspartate aminotransferase),ALT(Alanine aminotransferase), TCHO(Total Cholesterol), TG(Triglyceride), LDL(Low densitylipoprotein), and HDL(High density lipoprotein) levels in blood were not observed. However,statistically significant decreases in blood GLU in the 22.5 mg/kg/d group compared to thatof the control group occurred. In addition, the epididymal fat weight of the silkworm extractpowder-treated group decreased significantly in both the 22.5 mg/kg/d group and 180 mg/kg/dgroup compared to that of the control group, but there were no statistically significant changesin perirenal fat weight. These results demonstrate that silkworm extracts inhibit changes inblood glucose levels in model diabetic mice.
Abstract
We investigated the 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) content of extracts from silkworm larvae ateach developmental stage within three silkworm varieties. We also compared the contentof the following polyhydroxylated alkaloids in the silkworm extracts: 1-DNJ, fagomine, and1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol (DAB). In addition, we evaluated the glucose-loweringeffects of silkworm extract powder in db/db mice. The 1-DNJ content was the highest inYeonnokjam 5th instar 3rd d larvae and Hansaengjam 5th instar 3rd d larvae, which contained18.4 mg/100 g dry weight and 18.3 mg/100 g dry weight, respectively. The 5th instar 3rdd larvae exhibited a higher content of 1-DNJ than that of 5th instar 5th d larvae among allvarieties. The glucose-lowering effects of silkworm extracts and Yeonnokjam powder weretested on db/db mice, and the blood glucose levels were found to decrease significantly inthe YR70 group. Silkworm extracts (180 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg, 45 mg/kg, and 22.5 mg/kg) andacarbose (50 mg/kg) were administered orally for 4 wk. Changes in water intake were notstatistically significant between control and silkworm extract-treated groups. Compared to thecontrol group, blood glucose levels in the silkworm extract powder-treated group decreasedin the 22.5 mg/kg/d group after being administered for 4 wk. This decrease was statisticallysignificant. Furthermore, biochemical changes in the AST(Aspartate aminotransferase),ALT(Alanine aminotransferase), TCHO(Total Cholesterol), TG(Triglyceride), LDL(Low densitylipoprotein), and HDL(High density lipoprotein) levels in blood were not observed. However,statistically significant decreases in blood GLU in the 22.5 mg/kg/d group compared to thatof the control group occurred. In addition, the epididymal fat weight of the silkworm extractpowder-treated group decreased significantly in both the 22.5 mg/kg/d group and 180 mg/kg/dgroup compared to that of the control group, but there were no statistically significant changesin perirenal fat weight. These results demonstrate that silkworm extracts inhibit changes inblood glucose levels in model diabetic mice.
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