식민지 조선의 연료 이용 정미기 보급과 1920~1930년대 무연료 정미기 발명 ―사회적 맥락과 의미를 중심으로―

Abstract

This research focused on the dramatic change of rice mill, which is one of the cultural shift in agriculture and rural society. Especially, introduction and diffusion of a fuel-using rice-polishing machine and invention of non-fuel using rice-polishing machine which is reaction of diffusion of fuel-using rice mill machine is the main subject of this research. For this study, reporter, articles, patents, statistical data, and newspaper which are published in Colonial Korea period become subject of analysis. Through this research, introduction, and diffusion of fuel-using rice-polishing machine was not “a course of modernization” by technical progress. Instead, this change proceeded in commercialization toward Japan. In particular, Office of the Governor General of Chōsen carried out agricultural policies that also increase rice production, but the turnover increased even more. As a result, fuel-using rice-polishing machine became more popular. However, rural communities and farm households in the 1920s and 1930s of Colonial Korea period could not fully accept the fuel-using rice-polishing machine. because, through the 1920s and 1930s, rural communities and farming households in Colonial Korea experienced a very difficult economic situation. In this situation, the fuel-using rice-polishing machine, which required a lot of capital and fuel, was a burden on rural communities and farm household in Colonial Korea In this reality, the inventors invented the non-fuel rice-polishing machines as an alternative to the fuel-using rice-polishing machine. Inventors wanted to invent the non-fuel rice-polishing machines, which could install a lower initial cost than the fuel-using rice-polishing machine, could operate by manpower, axial force, and hydraulic power and that is more productive than traditional rice mills. As a result, the non-fuel rice-polishing machine was not widely available in Colonial Korea. However, the invention of the non-fuel rice-polishing machine in the 1920s and 1930s was the result of the new actors, the inventors of the Colonial Korea, who realized the critical consideration they saw from the perspective of Colonial Korea's rural society and farming households, not from the perspective of Capitalist and Imperial Japan.