Factors associated with low water intake among South Korean adolescents - Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010
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Water is essential for life and plain water instead of sugar-sweetened beverages is one approach for decreasing energy intake. Due to limiteddata on characteristics associated with water intake among Korean adolescents, this study examined associations of demographic and behavioralcharacteristics with plain water intake by using nationally representative sample of South Korean adolescents. The data (2007-2010 Korea NationalHealth and Nutrition Examination Survey) for 1,288 high school-aged adolescents (15-18 years) were used. Multivariable logistic regression wasused to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) for factors associated with low water intake (< 4 cups/day) and very low water intake (< 2.5 cups/day). Nationwide, 38.4% and 19.0% of adolescents reported drinking water < 4.0 cups/day and < 2.5 cups/day, respectively. The mean plain water intakewas 5.7 cups/day for males and 4.1 cups/day for females. Females had significantly higher odds for drinking water < 2.5 cups/day (OR = 2.2) thanmales, whereas adolescents with low milk consumption had significantly lower odds for drinking water < 2.5 cups/day (OR = 0.7). Factors significantlyassociated with a greater odds for drinking water < 4 cups/daywere being female (OR = 2.8) and not meeting physical activity recommendations(≥ 20 min/day on < 3 days/week) (OR = 1.6). Being underweight, overweight, and obese were significantly associated with reduced odds for drinkingwater < 4 cups/day (OR = 0.7, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively). However, intake of soda, coffee drinks, fruits, vegetables, and sodium and eating outwere not significantly associated with low or very low water intake. These findings may be used to target intervention efforts to increase plainwater intake as part of a healty lifestyle.
Abstract
Water is essential for life and plain water instead of sugar-sweetened beverages is one approach for decreasing energy intake. Due to limiteddata on characteristics associated with water intake among Korean adolescents, this study examined associations of demographic and behavioralcharacteristics with plain water intake by using nationally representative sample of South Korean adolescents. The data (2007-2010 Korea NationalHealth and Nutrition Examination Survey) for 1,288 high school-aged adolescents (15-18 years) were used. Multivariable logistic regression wasused to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) for factors associated with low water intake (< 4 cups/day) and very low water intake (< 2.5 cups/day). Nationwide, 38.4% and 19.0% of adolescents reported drinking water < 4.0 cups/day and < 2.5 cups/day, respectively. The mean plain water intakewas 5.7 cups/day for males and 4.1 cups/day for females. Females had significantly higher odds for drinking water < 2.5 cups/day (OR = 2.2) thanmales, whereas adolescents with low milk consumption had significantly lower odds for drinking water < 2.5 cups/day (OR = 0.7). Factors significantlyassociated with a greater odds for drinking water < 4 cups/daywere being female (OR = 2.8) and not meeting physical activity recommendations(≥ 20 min/day on < 3 days/week) (OR = 1.6). Being underweight, overweight, and obese were significantly associated with reduced odds for drinkingwater < 4 cups/day (OR = 0.7, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively). However, intake of soda, coffee drinks, fruits, vegetables, and sodium and eating outwere not significantly associated with low or very low water intake. These findings may be used to target intervention efforts to increase plainwater intake as part of a healty lifestyle.
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