Plain water intake of Korean adults according to life style, anthropometric and dietary characteristic: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008-2010
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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to provide useful insights into plain water intake of Korean adultsaccording to life style, anthropometric, and dietary characteristics. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The data from the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Thesubjects were 14,428 aged 20-64 years. Water intake was estimated by asking the question “How much water do you usuallyconsume per day?”. Dietary intake was estimated by 24-hour dietary recall. A qualitative food frequency questionnaire including63 food items was also administered. RESULTS: The mean plain water intake for men and women were 6.3 cup/day and 4.6 cup/day, respectively. Plain water intakeincreased as lean body mass, waist circumference, and body mass index levels increased, except for percentage of body fat. As energy and alcohol intakes increased, plain water intake increased. As total weight of food intake and total volume offood intake increased, plain water intake increased. Plain water intake increased as consumption of vegetables increased. Plainwater intake increased as frequencies of green tea, alcoholic drink, and all beverages were increased in men. Plain water intakeincreased with increased frequencies of green tea, milk, soy milk, and alcoholic drink and decreased frequencies of coffeeand soda in women. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that persons who had a higher waist circumference or lean body mass and women withhigher BMI consumed more plain water. The persons eating high quality diet, or the persons who had more vegetables, greentea, milk, soy milk, or alcoholic drink consumed more plain water.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to provide useful insights into plain water intake of Korean adultsaccording to life style, anthropometric, and dietary characteristics. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The data from the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Thesubjects were 14,428 aged 20-64 years. Water intake was estimated by asking the question “How much water do you usuallyconsume per day?”. Dietary intake was estimated by 24-hour dietary recall. A qualitative food frequency questionnaire including63 food items was also administered. RESULTS: The mean plain water intake for men and women were 6.3 cup/day and 4.6 cup/day, respectively. Plain water intakeincreased as lean body mass, waist circumference, and body mass index levels increased, except for percentage of body fat. As energy and alcohol intakes increased, plain water intake increased. As total weight of food intake and total volume offood intake increased, plain water intake increased. Plain water intake increased as consumption of vegetables increased. Plainwater intake increased as frequencies of green tea, alcoholic drink, and all beverages were increased in men. Plain water intakeincreased with increased frequencies of green tea, milk, soy milk, and alcoholic drink and decreased frequencies of coffeeand soda in women. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that persons who had a higher waist circumference or lean body mass and women withhigher BMI consumed more plain water. The persons eating high quality diet, or the persons who had more vegetables, greentea, milk, soy milk, or alcoholic drink consumed more plain water.
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