상토 중 유기자재에 따른 하이부쉬블루베리 ‘Duke’ 품종의 수체 생육 및 과실 특성
Growth and Fruit Characteristics of ‘Duke’ Highbush Blueberry by Mixture of Different Organic Matters in Soil
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블루베리 재배 토양 개선에 적합한 유기자재를 선정하고자대표적인 하이부쉬블루베리 품종인 ‘Duke’를 대상으로 피트모스, 이탄토, 소나무 발효톱밥 등 유기자재를 활용한 토양에서블루베리의 생육 및 과실 특성을 조사하였다. 토양 산도는 4.2 ~ 4.8로 톱밥 > 이탄토 = 피트모스 수준이었다. 토양 중 유기물함량은 톱밥의 경우 2.5%, 피트모스와 이탄토를 섞은 토양의 경우는 4.1%로 나타났다. 토양 경도는 토양 깊이 40 ㎝ 위치까지측정한 결과 1 ~ 5 kgf ㎝-2으로 작물이 자라기에 적합한 것으로나타났다. 흡지 수와 주축지 수는 이탄토 > 피트모스 > 톱밥 유기자재 처리구 순으로 많았다. 또한 피트모스와 이탄토 처리구의 흡지 굵기와 길이도 톱밥 처리구보다 긴 것으로 조사되었으며, 총 신초 수도 마찬가지의 양상으로 나타났다. 과실의 특성중 과실의 중량, 과경, 횡경, 경도는 유기자재 처리 간에 통계적차이가 나타나지 않았다. 가용성고형물 함량은 이탄토 > 피트모스 > 톱밥 유기자재 처리구 순으로 높게 나타났다. 과실의 수확량은 톱밥 처리구가 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났으며 피트모스와이탄토 처리구는 비슷한 양상으로 나타났다. 따라서 토양 환경에 따른 수체 및 과실 특성을 종합하여 검토한 결과 국내 블루베리 재배 시 안정적인 생산을 위해서 피트모스를 이탄토로 대체하여 사용할 수 있을 것이라 판단되었다.
Abstract
Growth and fruit characteristics of ‘Duke’ highbush blueberry by mixture of different organic matters in soil were investigated. The soil acidity was 4.2 to 4.8, sawdust treatment was the highest, and peat soil and peatmoss treatments were similar. The organic matter content of the soil was 2.5% for sawdust and 4.1% for soil with peatmoss and peat soil. The soil hardness of all treatment was found to be about 1 ~ 5 kgf ㎝-2 which was suitable for growing crops. The number of suckers and main stems were high in the order of peat soil, peatmoss, sawdust treatment. In addition, the blueberry plants in the peatmoss and peat soil treatments had thicker and longer suckers and more shoots than those in the sawdust treatment. Among the characteristics of fruit, there was no statistical difference between the organic materials treatment in weight, diameter, length, and hardness of fruit. However, the total soluble solid and fruit yield were high in the order of peat soil, peatmoss, sawdust treatment. Therefore, as a result of comprehensively reviewing the characteristics of growth and fruits according to the soil environment, it was determined that peatmoss could be replaced with peat soil for stable production in domestic blueberry cultivation.
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