일본 정치경제모델의 연속성과 변화: 발전주의와 후견주의의 동태적 상호작용
Continuity and Change in Japan’s Development Model: Dynamic Interaction between Developmentalism and Clientelism
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이 글은 2008년 글로벌 금융 위기 이후 일본 정치경제모델 변화의 성격을 규명하고, 그 과정을 동태적으로 설명하는 데 목 표가 있다. 1990년대 이후 변화의 압력에 장기간 노출되었던 일본 정치경제모델은 2008년 이후 중대한 변화의 기로에 진 입하였다. 2008년 글로벌 금융 위기, 2009년 민주당으로의 정권 교체, 2011년 3·11 동일본 대지진, 2012년 자민당의 재 집권 등 2008년 이후 일본의 정치경제는 국내외적 위기의 연속이었다. 이 연구는 글로벌 금융 위기 이후 일본 정치경제모 델의 변화를 연속성 대 단절이라는 이분법을 넘어, 연속성과 단절의 이중 동학이 전개되고 있다는 점에 주목한다. 이를 위 해 일본 정치경제모델의 변화를 균형의 수립, 약화와 이완, 새로운 균형의 모색이라는 동태적 변화의 시각에서 설명한다.
Abstract
This article aims to identify the nature of the change in Japan’s development model after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis and to explain the dynamic process of change. The Japanese developmental model, which had been exposed to the pressures of change since the 1990s, entered a transition period after 2008. Japan’s political economy has witnessed a series of domestic and international crises, including the Global Financial Crisis of 2008, regime change to the Democratic Party in 2009, the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, and the Liberal Democratic Party’s (LDP’s) return to power in 2012. This study posits that the dual dynamics of continuity and change has unfolded in the Japanese political economy in the 2010s, claiming that the simplified dichotomy of continuity or discontinuity is unable to shed light on the changing dynamics of Japan’s development model. In order to overcome the analytic pitfall, I attempt to explain the changes in Japan’s development model from the perspective of dynamic changes: the formation and unraveling of equilibrium and the creation of a new equilibrium.
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