일계인(日系人)의 민족차별 경험과 민족정체성 형성에 관한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze some return Nikkeijin’s ethnic identityformation and type. In the middle of the 19th century Japanese people departedto Hawaii and then in the beginning of 20th century they headed to South AmericanBrazil. In Dekasegi most of lowlanders and labor workers were Japanese emigrantsfrom rural areas. In the end of the 20th century, after 100 years of migrationthere were changes with industrial structure of low birthrate and aging populationof Japanese. From second half of 1990 approximately 300,000 of Nikkeijin whichlived in Brazil returned back to Japan. Because of financial crisis in 2008 they had opportunity to comeback. Approximately 100,000 people returned back to Brazil. This study is examiningclosely cause of these Nikkejin's ethnic identity formation and reconfiguration. The findings of this study are as follows:First, Nikkeijin’s ethnic identity intends Japanese's identity in Brazil and intendedNikkeijin's identity to distinction experience of Japanese society in Japan. Second, according to factor analysis, Nikkeijin's ethnic identity intended Japaneseidentity , Nikkeijin identity, Mixed type identity etc. Third, according to correlation analysis, Nikkeijin is encountering ethnic distinctionon Japanese society, was expose that nikkeijin's identity is strong. In conclusion, the findings of the study suggest that Nikkeijin means failureof social acculturation by ethnic distinction on Japanese society. Also, it is disprovingthat Japanese government is not establishing immigration policy for Nikkejin'sJapanese adaptation.