古學ㆍ國學 그리고 尊王攘夷論

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to study the trend of the thought in the medieval times of Tokuguwa(德川) era. Especially I focused to examine the meaning and contents of Kogaku(古學) which is representative of Yamaga Soko(山鹿素行), Ito Jinsai(伊藤仁齋), Ogyu Sorai(荻生徂徠) and Kokugaku(國學) which is an unique academic tradition of Japan become more harder by Motoori Norinaga(本居宣長) and Sonno-Joiron(尊王攘夷論) which had led the movement of thought just before of Meiji(明治) era. Kogaku is an unique Japanese Confucianism which is born by the anti Chu Hsi school(朱子學). Kokugaku was going to liberate the emotion of man by analysis of tradition, so it has had a strong influence to the field of human studies after Meiji Revolution. Sonno-Joiron is in charge of an important axis in the history of thought of Tokugawa era because it acts like as a bridge to link Meiji era. In the case of Kogaku, I analyzed Ogyu Sorai in separate. Because his studying methods offers a sight to examine the history of thought of Tokugawa era in a new view point. In other words, in the respect of separation of politics and morals, his scholarship is evaluated by drawing sharp line between public and private affairs. In spite of ultra-nationalism, we can never underestimate of that in the field of thought because Kokugaku had a strong influence to the spiritual culture of Japanese. Therefore I discussed the meaning of Kokugaku. In case of Sonno-Joiron, I examined Yosida Shoin(吉田松陰) and Sakuma Shozan(佐久間象山)'s thought and its meaning in mainly.