黃遵憲의 『朝鮮策略』에 나타난 朝鮮自强策과 ‘地域’의식

Abstract

In June of 1880, Choson government dispatched Kim Hongjip as the 2nd Susinsa, Special Envoy to Japan and ordered to collect information like context of enlightenment policy, development of advanced skill, and ambition of Japan to invade Choson. But the dispatch of the 2nd Susinsa had a meaning inspect of concluding treaty with western great Powers. The chance had arisen from Choson chaengnyak written by Hwang Jun Heon carried by Kim Hongjib returning from Japan observation. In Choson chaengnyak, Qing's official Hwang Jun Heon recommended Choson to enforcement of suzerainty on Qing and treaty wth U.S. Qing had a plan to resolve its foreign crisis by drawing into Choson. At that time Qing had drawn U.S. as a Russia's counterpart to prevent Russia downward policy. Qing also wanted to make arise its authority fallen by Western Powers by Choson's admitting as a subjective country of Qing. Choson's enlightenment intellectuals had understood the Choson-U.S. treaty suggested in Choson Chaengnak as an Empowerment Policy accepted by the small country, Choson. This might be a natural to Go-Jong and enlightenment elites, who had pursued an enlightenment policy to make Choson as a wealth and power country. Choson had a purpose to overcome foreign crisis by treaty with U.S. They, especially, had understood Choson-U.S. Treaty as a Balance of power by a International Law, and a best method to accomplish at that time. In Choson chaengnyak, it was found that the strategy of preventing Russia had emphasized coalition of local consciousness of community in East Asia; Qing, Choson, and Japan. It could not find in a traditional era that Qing, having pride as a center of world and Asia, had emphasized regional relationship with geological neighboring. Entering the modern time, especially overseeing Russia downward policy, Qing emphasized Choson to make close relationship on local consciousness with it, and conclusion of an ally with Japan casting away doubts. It had been also suggested that establishing diplomatic relationship with U.S. by regionalism located in Atlantic Ocean between Japan. Among three country in East Asia; Qing, Japan, and Choson, already had a consensus of opinion about restraining from Russia's downward. As this, it can be figured out that after modern times, three country; Qing, Japan, and Choson, had newly recognized East Asia as 'Local Community', and corresponded to coming of Russia and other Western Powers.