지식정보사회에서 문화자본으로서 브라질 제이치뉴(jeitinho)와 중국의 꽌시(關係)

Abstract

This paper goes to tackle Chinese Gaunxi and Brazilian Jeitinho whether it is possible to re-evaluate them positive in the course of social development in two countries in the socio-cultural aspect. Guanxi and Jeitinho have been depreciated for long time as obstructors against the industrialization. It maybe true for the eyes of fully industrialized countries. However, I believe these two cultural codes have their own merits of being re-evaluated as social keepers and new growth engines in knowledge based creative society. From earlier stage of their history of sate-formation, Gaunxi and Jeitinho might have played great roles of social security under the circumstances of labor intensive agriculture and sugar plantation societies where no official rules of central governments were literally respected. These two cultural codes will keep their functions of social security even in the future post-scarcity society where human factors gains much more values than in the scarcity society. In the scarcity era, consumption was triggered to meet basic need for survival. But in the post-scarcity era, called information and knowledge based society where creativity is dominant power, consumption will be triggered by higher requirement of additional values that massively produced products cannot offer. Brazilian Jeitinho can be considered, in this sense, as a possible growth engine in future Brazilian society by its nature of innovativeness and exceptionality in lifestyle. Chinese Gaunxi lacks this creativity. It can be a social keeper helping social unification and attenuating social tension between classes or between people.