장애인차별금지제도가 장애인고용에 미친 효과에 관한 영국 DDA의 경험과 그 시사점
The Influence of Disability Discrimination Act on Disabled People's Employment : What We Can Learn from the Experience of UK
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이 연구는 영국의 장애인차별금지법(DDA)이 장애인의 고용상황에 미친 효과와 그 배경을 다룬 선행연구들을 문헌연구 방법으로 비교분석 하면서, 그러한 연구결과 및 이에 대한 후속 논의들이 장애인 차별금지제도 시행 초기에 처해 있는 우리나라에 시사하는 바들을 짚어보고자 한 것이다. 그래서 이 연구는 먼저 장애인 차별금지법의 시행이 장애인고용에 긍정적인 결과를 가져올 수 있으리라는 일반적인 기대와 달리, 시행 초기의 영국 DDA는 장애인 고용상황을 개선하는 데에 긍정적인 기능을 하지 못하였음을 확인한다. 그리고 이러한 결과를 초래한 원인을 설명하려 시도한 연구들을 통하여 DDA가 규정의 내용, 법 시행 과정과 절차, 법 시행 환경 등에서 수정·보완·강화를 필요로 하는 점들이 적지 않음을 발견한다. 이러한 일련의 작업을 통하여, 본 연구는 장애인 차별금지 제도는 장애인 고용에 관한 한 자동촉진장치가 될 수 없으며, 제도의 구체적인 내용이나 법 시행 절차와 환경 여하에 따라 부정적인 결과도 초래할 수 있음을 지적한다. 이와 함께 향후 우리나라 장애인차별금지법이 장애인의 고용에 긍정적인 기능을 할 수 있게 되기 위한 조건들을 제시해 본다.
Abstract
This study primarily aims at comparing previous studies which analyse the influences of Disability Discrimination Act of UK on improving the disabled people's employment status. It also reviews some studies that show us the factors which affected the influences of DDA on disabled people's employment. The author assumes that this study could help us to find some implications about what we can do for the development of Korean Anti-Disability Discrimination Act. Contrary to general expectation of the effect of anti-discrimination act, the conclusions of previous studies are rather negative. That is, there is few, if any, evidence of a positive effect of the DDA on employment rates of disabled people. Those studies also show us some aspects that might have influenced on the non-positive results as follows: some weak points of the regulations, judicious procedure and related services which are disadvantageous to disabled individuals, lack of consciousness of the related parts, insufficient support or intervention of the government through relevant policies, and so on. This study gives us some useful implications helpful to find some ideas about anti-discrimination provisions of our country in the future and related studies on them.
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