아동보호와 학대예방 체계구축에서 근린지역기반 접근방식에 대한 연구
A neighhood-based approach for building the effective protection and prevention of child maltreatment system
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우리나라에서 아동학대발생건수가 급속하게 증가하고 있다. 이는 현행 아동보호체계가 효과적이지 못함을 반증한다. 현행 아동보호체계는 신고의무제와 학대행위자의 형사적 처벌에 의견하면서 표준화되고 파편화된 서비스를 공급하고 있다. 그리고 아동과 가족에게 즉각적인 도움을 제공할 수 있도록 설계되지 않았다. 아동학대는 다양하면서 복합적인 원인과 배경이 작용하기 때문에 제도적 서비스를 보완하기 위해서 지역의 사회복지관의 역할과 기능에 재구조화와 통합사례관리시스템에 구축과 함께 근린지역사회기반 접근방식의 도입이 필요하다. 근린지역기반서비스는 제도적 아동보호체계가 제공하는 서비스의 경직성과 표준화를 감소시킬 뿐 아니라 주민들의 역량강화와 함께 지역사회의 자원을 동원하고 지역의 공공·민간기관의 연계와 협력체계의 구축을 통하여 통합적 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 근린지역사회에서 아동보호와 학대예방을 위한 실천적 개입수단은 가정방문서비스프로그램이다. 이를 통해 학대 고위험가정이 경험하는 서비스 접근에의 장애요인을 극복할 수 있으며 맞춤형 통합서비스를 제공할 수 있다.
Abstract
The rapid increase of child maltreatment rate in Korea is so enormous. The recent(2015) national data showed that the case of child maltreatment of 2016 was almost twice as many as that of 2011. It come to the conclusion that the services provided by current child protection system is not enough effective to cope with child maltreatment. Depending upon a mandatory reporting, investigation and prosecution of offender the current child protection system provides standardized and fragmentary services. And it has not been designed to get immediate help for child and family. The interventions to protect and prevent from child maltreatment have to not only rely on institutional. services but also on private networks because of multiple and various problems commonly faced by abusive family. The complement of the existing institutional child protection system is required with a neighborhood-based approach. The neighborhood-based services not only reduce the inflexibility and standardization of services administered by institutional child protection system, but also enlist the public and private resources most pertinent to effective prevention, treatment and a remediation of abuse potential in family. The practical intervention response in the neighborhood to the problem of child maltreatment is home-visitation services through linkage, coordination and collaboration among related public and private agencies and people, which strive to integrate child and family into broader system of social welfare service
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