놀이를 활용한 모-자 집단미술치료가 여성결혼이민자의 양육행동과 애착 안정성에 미치는 효과
The Effects of Mother-child Group Art Therapy Using Play on Parenting Behavior and Attachment Stability of Female Married Immigrants
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초록
국내에 거주하는 여성결혼이민자와 자녀에게 놀이를 활용한 집단미술치료를 적용하여 양육행동과 애착 안정성에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구 대상은 W시 다문화가족지원센터에 등록되어 집단치료 프로그램을 신청한 여성결혼이민자와 그의 자녀로서 9팀을 구성하였다. 2017년 3월부터 6월까지 프로그램에 자발적 참여를 원하는 여성결혼이민자 모-자에게 주 1회 60분씩 총 16회기의 놀이를 활용한 모-자 집단미술치료 프로그램을 시행하였다. 평가 도구로는 양육행동 척도(IPBI), 애착 척도(KMAI), 새 둥지화(BND)를 실시하였다. 통계처리는 SPSS 21.0 version을 사용하였고, 인구사회학적 특성은 실수 및 백분율로 산출하였으며, 연구대상의 양육행동과 애착 안정성에 효과가 있는지 알아보기 위해 Wilcoxon 부호 순위 검증(Wilcoxon signed-rank test)을 실시하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 놀이를 활용한 모-자 집단미술치료는 여성결혼이민자의 양육행동에 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 둘째, 놀이를 활용한 모-자 집단미술치료는 여성결혼이민자의 애착 안정성을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 이는 향후 대한민국에 거주하는 여성결혼이민자와 그의 자녀를 위한 심리재활 프로그램으로써 유용한 개입이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of group art therapy using a play on the parenting behaviors and attachment stability of female married immigrants and children living in South Korea. The participants were nine group of female married immigrants and their children who were enrolled in the Multicultural family support center at W city and applied for a group art therapy program. From March to June 2017, a total of 16 sessions of mother-child group art therapy using play were conducted for female married immigrants and their children voluntarily participating in the program for 60 minutes once a week. The Iowa Parent Behavior Inventory (IPBI), Korean Mother's Attachment Inventory (KMAI), and Bird's Nest Drawing (BND) were used as the evaluation tools. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 21.0 version program. The demographic characteristics were calculated as percentages. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to examine the effects of the participants on parenting behavior and attachment stability. The results of this study are as follows. First, mother-child group art therapy using play had a positive effect on parenting behaviors of female married immigrants. Second, mother-child group art therapy using play significantly increased the attachment stability of female married immigrants. These findings suggest that the psychological rehabilitation program for female married immigrants and their children in South Korea could be useful interventions.
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