공급사슬관리를 위한 기업간 정보공유의 선행요인과 관계효과성에 관한 연구
Antecedents and Relationship Effectiveness of Information Sharing within Supply Chains
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기업간 성과를 제고하기 위한 공급사슬관리의 필요성과 중요성은 증대하고 있다. 많은 연구자들이 기업간 정보공유와 협력이 기업간 업무 프로세스의 통합을 위한 SCM의 주요 활동이라고 하였다. 그러나 협력과는 달리 기업간 정보공유는 그 중요성에도 불구하고 많은 연구들이 개념적이거나 이론적인 연구들이고 실증적으로 정보공유의 선행요인과 결과를 분석한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 정보공유의 선행요인을 기업간의 관계특성, 조직특성, 거래특성에 초점을 맞추어 연구모형과 가설을 설정하였다. 관계특성에는 신뢰, 몰입, 의존도를, 조직특성에는 최고경영자의 지원과 문화의 유사성을, 거래특성에는 목표공유, 거래기간, 정보의 질, 기술변화속도를 포함하였다. 그리고 정보는 운영적 정보와 전략적 정보로 구분하여 선행요인들이 각각의 정보교환에 미치는 영향과 정보교환이 관계효과성에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 271개의 제조기업으로부터 회수된 자료를 다중회귀분석을 통해 검정하였다. 가설검정 결과 운영적 정보공유에는 신뢰, 의존도, 문화의 유사성, 목표공유, 기술변화속도가 그리고 전략적 정보공유에는 신뢰, 몰입, 의존도, 최고경영자의 지원, 목표공유, 정보의 질, 기술변화속도가 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 신뢰, 의존도, 목표공유, 기술변화속도는 운영적 및 전략적 정보공유 모두에 유의한 영향을 미치는 주요 선행요인으로 나타났다. 그리고 운영적 정보공유와는 달리 전략적 정보공유를 촉진하기 위해서는 이러한 주요 선행요인들을 포함하여 몰입, 최고경영자의 지원, 정보의 질이 추가로 더 필요로 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기업간 정보공유가 높을수록 거래관계의 효과성은 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다.
Abstract
Although information sharing among trading partners is consistently mentioned as a key requirement of successful supply chain management implementation, research on information sharing is scarce. More research is needed that isolates information sharing from other factors that define integration, such as collaboration, and identifies variables that are related to information sharing so that logistics managers can be given strategy recommendations to improve information sharing among supply chain partners. The main goal of this paper is to identify potential antecedents of information sharing. Reviewing the literature, we suggest a research model and develop twenty hypotheses to be tested. A sample of 271 manufacturing firms in several industries was used to empirically test these hypotheses. Major findings are: 1) operational information sharing is found to be positively influenced by factors such as trust, dependency, culture similarity, goal compatibility, and technological unpredictability. 2) strategic information sharing is found to be positively affected by trust, commitment, dependency, top management support, information quality, goal compatibility and technological unpredictability. 3) the higher the degree of information sharing, the greater the benefit of relationship effectiveness. The results of this exploratory study are detailed and the implications for logistics managers discussed.
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