노사관계와 고성과작업시스템 실행 정도: 노동조합 및 인사부문 파워의 조절효과
Industrial Relations and High-Performance Work System (HPWS): The Moderating Roles of Unions and HR Departments' Powers
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초록
본 연구는 노사관계의 적대성이 고성과작업시스템 실행 정도에 미치는 효과를 실증자료를 통해 검증하려는 목적을 지닌다. 뿐만 아니라, 이들 간 관계에 있어 노동조합과 인사부문의 파워가 어떠한 조절 효과를 갖는지에 대해서도 탐색적으로 살펴보고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 노사 관계가 적대적일수록 고성과작업시스템의 실행 정도가 낮을 것이라는 주가설을 기반으로, 노동조합의 파워가 강할 경우 노사 관계의 적대성과 고성과작업시스템 실행 간 부(-)의 관계가 강화될 것인 반면, 인사부문의 파워가 강할 경우 부(-)의 관계가 약화될 것이라는 예측을 하였다. 이를 검증하기 위하여 한국직업능력개발원에서 실시한 인적자본 기업체 데이터를 활용하여 분석한 결과, 노사 관계가 적대적일수록 고성과작업시스템 실행 정도는 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 인사부문의 파워는 노사 관계의 적대성과 고성과작업시스템 실행 간 부(-)의 관계를 강화시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 노동조합의 파워 관련 예측은 통계적 유의성을 확보하지 못하였다. 이와 같이 본 연구는 노사 관계의 성격 및 인사시스템 실행에 있어 주요 이해 집단들의 파워 관점에서 고성과작업시스템의 시행 정도를 탐색하였다는 점에서 학문적 의의가 있다. 또한 노사 관계의 개선과 실행 주체인 인사부문의 파워 확보가 인사시스템의 성공적인 실행에 있어 중요함을 실증하였다는 점에서 실무적 함의 또한 존재한다.
Abstract
This study examines how the quality of industrial relations influences the implemen- tation of high-performance work systems(HPWSs). Moreover, this study investigates how a union and a HR department's power moderate the relationship between industrial relations and the implementation of HPWSs. To test our hypotheses, we used HCCP data from Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training. The results showed that hostile industrial relations negatively influenced the degree of HPWSs implementation. In addition, a HR department's power strengthened the negative relationship between hostile industrial relations and the implementation of HPWSs. On the contrary, a union's power attenuated the negative relationship between hostile industrial relations and the implementation of HPWSs, yet it was not statistically significant. In conclusion, this study has several implications for HR and IR research. From theoretical aspects, this study examines the effects of the quality of industrial relations and stakeholders' power when HPWSs are implemented. Also, from a practical standpoint, this study stressed that firms should pay attention to the improvement of industrial relations and the increase in a HR department's power in oder to carry out successfully HPWSs.
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